. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Aug 28.

Published in final edited form as: Eur J Appl Physiol. 2016 Aug 6;116(10):1931–1940. doi: 10.1007/s00421-016-3445-4

Table 2.

Limb hemodynamics in young and older untrained and older trained subjects

Variable	Young (n = 13)	Older untrained (n = 17)	Older trained (n = 16)
Brachial artery
Artery diameter (cm)	0.37 ± 0.07	0.40 ± 0.07	0.41 ± 0.07
Mean velocity (cm s⁻¹)	5.9 ± 3.0	6.0 ± 1.8	5.4 ± 2.6
Mean shear rate (s⁻¹)	67.0 ± 38.5	63.7 ± 27.9	57.0 ± 33.7
Antegrade mean velocity (cm s⁻¹)	6.4 ± 2.9	7.2 ± 1.8	6.4 ± 2.5
Retrograde mean velocity (cm s⁻¹)	−0.5 ± 0.3	−1.2 ± 0.8	−0.9 ± 0.6
Common femoral artery
Artery diameter (cm)	0.88 ± 0.10	0.94 ± 0.12	1.02 ± 0.14^*
Mean velocity (cm s⁻¹)	4.7 ± 1.3	3.7 ± 2.5	4.4 ± 1.7
Mean shear rate (s⁻¹)	21.9 ± 6.9	16.4 ± 12.4	17.6 ± 7.6
Antegrade mean velocity (cm s⁻¹)	6.3 ± 1.6	6.0 ± 2.7	5.9 ± 1.8
Retrograde mean velocity (cm s⁻¹)	−1.5 ± 0.7	−2.4 ± 0.8	−1.6 ± 0.7

Data are mean ± SD

P ≤ 0.05 vs. young