Table 2. Selection gradients (ß) calculated according to Lande & Arnold (1983).

	Orchis mascula			Orchis pauciflora
	2002	2003	2004	2002	2003	2004
Plant height	−0.203	0.173	0.196	0.281	0.135	0.414**
Flower number	0.440*	−0.119	−0.063	0.030	−0.132	−0.122
Labellum width	−0.231	0.018	−0.258*	−0.040	0.017	0.295*
Labellum length	0.462**	0.070	0.538***	0.005	0.101	−0.411***
Spur length	−0.217	0.065	−0.076	0.095	0.041	−0.101
Anthocyanin content in tepals	0.172	−0.033	0.150	−0.038	−0.080	0.039
Anthocyanin content in labellum	0.084	0.028	−0.102	0.184	0.095	0.030
Carotenoid content in tepals	0.066	0.245**	−0.119	0.030	−0.016	−0.054
Carotenoid content in labellum	0.149	−0.062	0.021	0.005	−0.018	0.187

Notes.

Significant estimates are in bold.

^***P < 0.001.

^**P < 0.01.

^*P < 0.05.