Table 2.
Changes in outcome measures after convective RF thermal therapy: all patients and patient subsets, based on severity of LUTS at baseline
| All LUTS categories: baseline IPSS 8–35
| ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Outcome measure | Baseline | 1 month | 3–6 months | 12 months |
| IPSS | ||||
| n (paired values) | 128 | 93 | 115 | 87 |
| Baseline | 19.5 (6.6) | 19.9 (6.5) | 19.9 (6.7) | 19.4 (6.7) |
| Follow-up | 16 (8) | 9.8 (6.9) | 10.1 (7.2) | |
| Change | −3.9 (8.2) | −10.1 (8.8) | −9.4 (8.7) | |
| % change | −15.9 | −47.2 | −45.2 | |
| P-value (GEE) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | |
| QOL (IPSS question 8) | ||||
| n (paired values) | 112 | 81 | 104 | 74 |
| Baseline | 4.3 (1.2) | 4.4 (1.2) | 4.3 (1.2) | 4.4 (1.3) |
| Follow-up | 3.7 (1.8) | 2.3 (1.5) | 2.5 (1.4) | |
| Change | −0.6 (1.9) | −2 (1.7) | −1.9 (1.8) | |
| % change | −7.2 | −42.7 | −37.8 | |
| P-value (GEE) | 0.0007 | <0.0001 | <.00001 | |
| Qmax (mL/second) | ||||
| n (paired values) | 94 | 23 | 38 | 7 |
| Baseline | 8.6 (4.9) | 8.3 (3.8) | 8.7 (4.7) | 8.5 (3.5) |
| Follow-up | 9.6 (5.9) | 11.6 (7.7) | 10 (5) | |
| Change | 1.3 (5.1) | 3 (9) | 1.5 (5.9) | |
| % change | 20.7 | 75.3 | 51.4 | |
| P-value (GEE) | 0.2047 | 0.0388 | 0.4257 | |
| PVR volume (mL) | ||||
| n (paired values) | 115 | 83 | 89 | 35 |
| Baseline | 216.8 (286.6) | 209.9 (273.5) | 243.8 (316.7) | 236.6 (341.3) |
| Follow-up | 82.5 (144.2) | 85.8 (167.3) | 77.3 (122.1) | |
| Change | −127 (257.1) | −158 (221.8) | −159 (254.7) | |
| % change | 44.6 | −30.2 | −34.9 | |
| P-value (GEE) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | |
| Voided volume (mL) | ||||
| n (paired values) | 94 | 25 | 38 | 7 |
| Baseline | 163.2 (108.4) | 165.4 (122.8) | 192.3 (119.4) | 182.7 (119.4) |
| Follow-up | 114.6 (77.3) | 146.7 (100.6) | 138.4 (103.1) | |
| Change | −50.8 (133.9) | −45.5 (149.8) | −44.2 (146.6) | |
| % change | 12.9 | 30.9 | 0.5 | |
| P-value (GEE) | 0.0377 | 0.1948 | 0.5129 | |
|
| ||||
|
Moderate LUTS: baseline IPSS 8–19
| ||||
| Outcome measure | Baseline | 1 month | 3–6 months | 12 months |
|
| ||||
| IPSS | ||||
| n (paired values) | 68 | 47 | 59 | 46 |
| Baseline | 14.3 (2.9) | 14.5 (2.9) | 14.4 (2.9) | 14.1 (3) |
| Follow-up | 13.5 (6.3) | 8.3 (6) | 8.3 (6.6) | |
| Change | −1 (6.1) | −6.1 (6.5) | −5.8 (6.5) | |
| % change | −6 | −40.1 | −40.6 | |
| P-value (GEE) | 0.2077 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | |
| QOL (IPSS question 8) | ||||
| n (paired values) | 58 | 41 | 54 | 39 |
| Baseline | 3.8 (1.2) | 3.9 (1.3) | 3.9 (1.2) | 3.8 (1.4) |
| Mean | 3.6 (1.7) | 2.1 (1.4) | 2.3 (1.5) | |
| Change | −0.3 (1.7) | −1.8 (1.5) | −1.5 (1.9) | |
| % change | 2.8 | −41 | −32.7 | |
| P-value (GEE) | 0.1029 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | |
| Qmax (mL/second) | ||||
| n (paired values) | 50 | 14 | 15 | 3 |
| Baseline | 9.3 (5.1) | 8 (3.5) | 8.4 (5) | 8.1 (4.6) |
| Follow-up | 10.1 (5.5) | 14.5 (10.1) | 9.3 (3.2) | |
| Change | 2.1 (5.1) | 6.2 (10.8) | 1.2 (7.6) | |
| % change | 34.5 | 124.8 | 87.6 | |
| P-value(GEE) | 0.0960 | 0.0157 | 0.5722 | |
| PVR volume (mL) | ||||
| n (paired values) | 60 | 47 | 46 | 17 |
| Baseline | 188.8 (321.5) | 170.3 (292.4) | 213.5 (362.2) | 281.6 (461.6) |
| Follow-up | 72 (145.7) | 97.8 (213.6) | 96.6 (166.4) | |
| Change | −98.3 (271.8) | −116 (210.4) | −185 (340.5) | |
| % change | 32.3 | −16.9 | −8.4 | |
| P-value (GEE) | 0.0089 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | |
| Voided volume (mL) | ||||
| n (paired values) | 50 | 15 | 15 | 3 |
| Baseline | 161.5 (100.5) | 174.9 (94.2) | 183.9 (113.9) | 223.7 (124.1) |
| Follow-up | 119.7 (89.2) | 142.9 (95.9) | 120 (129.2) | |
| Change | −55.1 (139.4) | −41 (122.3) | −104 (230.2) | |
| % change | −9.1 | 55.8 | −13 | |
| P-value | 0.1041 | 0.6527 | 0.3579 | |
|
| ||||
|
Severe LUTS: baseline IPSS 20–35
| ||||
| Outcome measure | Baseline | 1 month | 3−6 months | 12 months |
|
| ||||
| IPSS | ||||
| n (paired values) | 60 | 46 | 56 | 41 |
| Baseline | 25.5 (4.2) | 25.3 (4.4) | 25.7 (4.3) | 25.4 (4.1) |
| Follow-up | 18.5 (8.9) | 11.3 (7.5) | 12 (7.3) | |
| Change | −6.8 (9) | −14.4 (8.9) | −13.4 (9.2) | |
| % change | −26.1 | −54.7 | −50.4 | |
| P-value (GEE) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | |
| QOL (IPSS question 8) | ||||
| n (paired values) | 52 | 39 | 49 | 34 |
| Baseline | 4.9 (1) | 4.8 (1) | 4.9 (1) | 4.9 (0.9) |
| Follow-up | 3.9 (1.8) | 2.5 (1.5) | 2.6 (1.3) | |
| Change | −1 (2) | −2.3 (1.8) | −2.3 (1.6) | |
| % change | −17.8 | −45.5 | −43.4 | |
| P-value (GEE) | 0.0017 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | |
| Qmax (mL/second) | ||||
| n (paired values) | 42 | 9 | 23 | 4 |
| Baseline | 8.1 (4.6) | 8.8 (4.4) | 8.9 (4.6) | 8.8 (3.2) |
| Follow-up | 8.9 (6.8) | 9.7 (5.1) | 10.5 (6.5) | |
| Change | 0.1 (5.2) | −0.9 (7.1) | −1.7 (5.5) | |
| % change | −0.9 | 43 | 24.2 | |
| P-value (GEE) | 0.7114 | 0.5352 | 0.8234 | |
| PVR volume (mL) | ||||
| n (paired values) | 52 | 35 | 40 | 18 |
| Baseline | 227 (221) | 240.5 (207.7) | 251.9 (238) | 194.1 (168.8) |
| Follow-up | 88.4 (137.1) | 58.4 (62) | 59 (55.2) | |
| Change | −152 (224.5) | −193 (220.3) | −135 (138.9) | |
| % change | 63.6 | −43.1 | −59.9 | |
| P-value (GEE) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | |
| Voided volume (mL) | ||||
| n (paired values) | 42 | 10 | 23 | 4 |
| Baseline | 169.2 (118.4) | 151.1 (161.2) | 197.7 (125.1) | 151.9 (123.7) |
| Follow-up | 106.9 (58.5) | 149.2 (105.6) | 152.3 (97.7) | |
| Change | −44.2 (132.5) | −48.5 (168) | 0.3 (38.4) | |
| % change | 45.9 | 14.6 | 10.6 | |
| P-value (GEE) | 0.2013 | 0.2384 | 0.7915 | |
Notes: Values presented as means (SD) and compared with baseline using paired Student t-test; P-values from Wald test for whether GEE estimate of change from baseline is different from 0.
Abbreviations: LUTS, lower urinary tract symptoms; GEE, general estimating equation; IPSS, International Prostate Symptom Score; QOL, quality of life; Qmax, peak urinary flow; PVR, postvoid residual: RF, radiofrequency.