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. 2017 May 19;12(3):249–261. doi: 10.2217/rme-2016-0141

Figure 4. . Smooth muscle characterization.

Figure 4. 

Representative α-SMA (smooth muscle actin) stained sections from WT (A) and PGDF-KO (B) graft sections (scale bar = 20 μm); semiquantitative immunohistochemistry revealed no significant difference in positive area fraction between groups (C). Quantification of immunofluorescent colabeling of α-SMA/PCNA (D, E) and α-SMA/caspase-3 (G, H) in WT (D, G) and PGDF-KO (E, H) graft sections demonstrated significantly less proliferating α-SMA+ cells/HPF in the PGDF-KO mice (F; ***p < 0.0005). No difference was found in the number of apoptotic α-SMA+ cells/HPF (I). White arrows identify representative double positive cells from both experiments, and ‘L’ denotes the graft’s lumen. D, E, G, H, scale bar = 20 μm.

HPF: High-powered field; IHC: Immunohistochemical; KO: Knockout; PCNA: Proliferating cell nuclear antigen; SMA: Smooth muscle actin; WT: Wild-type.