Table 1.

Literature review about gambling disorder-related illegal act-associated variables

References	Population studied	Diagnosis	Sociodemographic	Gambling severity and gambling habits	Comorbidity and personality profile
Granero et al. (2014)	Pathological gamblers seeking treatment	DSM-IV, clinical interview questionnaire	Unemployed Single or widow	SOGS total score Borrowing money and not paying back (SOGS item) Skipping work due to gambling (SOGS item) DSM-IV-TR pathological gambling criteria sum High betting stakes	TCI Novelty Seeking
Carragher and McWilliams (2011)	Nationally representative	DSM-IV, questionnaire, structured diagnostic interview	Black ethnicity		History of mania Specific phobia Antisocial personality disorder
McBride et al. (2010)	Nationally representative	DSM-IV, self-assessment questionnaire	Male Previously married Never married		Limiting long-term illness Current cigarette smoking
Ledgerwood et al. (2007)	Pathological gamblers seeking treatment	DSM-IV, structured clinical interview, questionnaire	Debts	Severe gambling disorder symptoms number
Toce-Gernstein et al. (2003)	General population gamblers and gambling facilities owners	DSM-IV, structured questionnaire		Severe gambling disorder symptoms number
Potenza et al. (2000)	Gambling helpline callers	None	Young age Debts	Severe gambling disorder symptoms number Gambling-related suicidal behavior Problems with various forms of gambling	Alcohol or substance-related disorders
Meyer and Stadler (1999)	Treatment and self-help groups pathological gamblers General population and army gamblers	Specific questionnaire	Debts	Addictive gambling behavior	Risk motivation Impulsiveness Emotionality Global mental stress Non-conform social orientation
Meyer and Fabian (1992)	Self-help groups gamblers	DSM-III-R, questionnaire	Debts resulting from neglect of financial obligations	Pathological gambling symptom occurrence Excessive gambling behavior Gambling-induced psychosocial problems High levels of subjective satisfaction in gambling	Aggressiveness

Note. SOGS: South Oaks Gambling Scale; TCI: Temperament and Character Inventory.