Table 2. Significant associations of hot flashes with pro-inflammatory factors IL-8 and TNF-α.
| Hot flashes severity | IL-8 | TNF-α | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted | Adjusted | Unadjusted | Adjusted | |
| None | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Mild | -1.28 (-17.09,17.55) |
0.75 (-15.72,20.44) |
-7.97 (-34.79,29.89) |
-5.83 (-33.86,34.1) |
| Moderate | 18.5 (-1.85,43.07) |
20.98 (-0.18,46.63) |
24.47 (-14.19,80.54) |
28.89 (-11.91,88.58) |
| Severe | 35.48 (13.87,61.18)c |
37.19 (14.98,63.69)c |
49.28 (5.95,110.34)a |
51.27 (6.64,114.57)a |
| P-trend | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 0.008 | 0.007 |
Data are expressed as the percentage difference (95% CI).
Regression coefficients are back-transformed using the formula (100*(exp(β)-1)) to calculate the percentage difference and the 95% CI in cytokine/chemokine index for hot flash status per 1 unit increment.
Linear regression model was adjusted for age, menopause duration, body mass index and follicle-stimulating hormone.
Abbreviations: IL-8, interleukin 8; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-alpha.
a, P-value < 0.05
c, P-value < 0.001