Table 4.
Alignment of CCC-2 scales and items with the DSM-5 S(P)CD diagnostic criteria.
| CCC-2 Scale | A-1: Deficits in using communication for social purposes in a manner that is appropriate for the context | A-2: Impairment in ability to change communication to match context or listener needs | A-3: Difficulties following rules for conservation and story-telling including knowing how to use verbal and nonverbal signals to regulate interaction | A-4: Difficulties understanding what is not explicitly stated such as nonliteral and figurative language |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Speech (0 items) | ||||
| Syntax (0 items) | ||||
| Semantics (0 items | ||||
| Coherence (7 items) | 10. Uses terms like he or it without making it clear what he or she is talking about 25. It is difficult to tell if he or she is talking about something real or make believe 48. does not explain what he/she is talking about to someone who does not share his/her experiences 50. It is hard to make sense of what he/she is saying, even though words are clearly spoken 53. Talks clearly about what he/she plans to do in the future |
40. Confuses the sequence of events when trying to tell a story or describe a recent event 68. Explains a past event clearly |
||
| Initiation (7 items) | 21. Talks to people without any encouragement or starts conversations with strangers | 5. Talks repetitively about things that no one is interested in 37. Tells people things they already know 59. Keeps quiet in situations when someone else is trying to talk or concentrate 70. Talks to others about their interests |
35. It is difficult to stop him/her from talking 45. Asks a question, even though he/she has been given the answer |
|
| Scripted Language (7 items) | 18. Uses favourite phrases, sentences or longer sequences in inappropriate contexts 23. Pronounces words in an over-precise manner 42. Provides over-precise information in his/her talk 61. When answering a question, provides enough information without being over-precise |
11. Says things he/she does not seem to fully understand or seems to be repeating something he/she heard an adult say 30. Repeats what others have just said 62. You can have an enjoyable, interesting conversation with him/her |
||
| Context (7 items) | 28. Ability to communicate varies from situation to situation 60. Realises the need to be polite |
34. Takes in just one to two words in a sentence, and so misinterprets what has been said | 15. Misses the point of jokes and puns 19. Gets confused when a word is used differently from its usual meaning 41. Is too literal 54. Appreciates the humour expressed by irony |
|
| Nonverbal Communication (7 items) | 8. Looks blank in situations where most children would have clear facial expression 14. Does not look at person he/she is talking to 20. Stands too close to other people when talking to them 31. Ignores conversational overtures from others 39. Does not recognise when other people are upset or angry 56. Makes good use of gestures to get his/her meaning across 65. Smiles appropriately when talking to other people |
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| Social Relations (3 items) | 57. Shows concern when other people are upset 67. Talks about his/her friends; shows interest in what they do and say |
33. Hurts or upsets other children without meaning to | ||
| Interests (4 items) | 22. Talks about list of things he or she has memorized | 26. Moves the conversation to a favourite topic, even if others do not seem interested in it 49. Surprises people by his/her knowledge of unusual words 63. Shows flexibility in adapting to unexpected situations |