Table 1. Baseline characteristics of study participants according to plasma homocysteine levels.
| Low tHcy (<13 μmol/L n = 148) | High tHcy (> = 13 μmol/L n = 183) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 69 (18) | 76 (17) | <0.0001 |
| Male sex | 81 (55) | 115 (63) | 0.1 |
| Comorbidities | |||
| AF | 41 (28) | 49 (27) | 0.9 |
| Hypertension | 93 (63) | 130 (71) | 0.1 |
| Heart failure | 16 (11) | 32 (18) | 0.08 |
| Carotid stenosis | 9 (6) | 13 (7) | 0.7 |
| Angina | 27 (18) | 37 (20) | 0.6 |
| MI | 18 (12) | 39 (21) | 0.03 |
| CABG | 9 (6) | 11 (6) | 0.9 |
| PCI | 3 (2) | 9 (5) | 0.2 |
| Intermittent Claudication | 3 (2) | 7 (4) | 0.5 |
| DM | 38 (26) | 41 (23) | 0.5 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 50 (34) | 48 (27) | 0.1 |
| Hypothyroidism | 18 (12) | 9 (5) | 0.02 |
| COPD | 9 (6) | 13 (7) | 0.7 |
| Asthma | 8 (5) | 11 (6) | 0.8 |
| Cancer | 18 (12) | 24 (13) | 0.8 |
| DVT/LE | 6 (4) | 8 (4) | 0.9 |
| Migraine | 8 (5) | 4 (2) | 0.1 |
| Depression | 7 (5) | 8 (4) | 0.9 |
| Dementia | 3 (2) | 8 (4) | 0.4 |
| Sleep apnea | 5 (3) | 1 (1) | 0.09 |
| Smoking (ever) | 56 (42) | 90 (54) | 0.5 |
| Biochemical parameters | |||
| Glucose, mmol/L | 7 (3.9) | 6.3 (1.9) | 0.002 |
| HbA1c, mmol/mol | 42 (13) | 41 (8) | 0.9 |
| Creatinine, μmol/L | 69 (20) | 88 (40) | <0.0001 |
| eGFR, ml/min/1.73m2 | 93±25 | 69±28 | <0.0001 |
| White blood cells, x109/L | 8 (3.3) | 8 (3) | 0.7 |
| Erythrocytes, x1012/L | 4.6±0.5 | 4.45±0.6 | 0.03 |
| Hemoglobin, g/L | 140±15 | 138±17 | 0.3 |
| Thrombocytes, x109/L | 230 (92) | 225 (84) | 0.1 |
| Sodium, mmol/L | 141 (4) | 141 (4) | 0.9 |
| Potassium, mmol/L | 4 (0.4) | 4.1 (0.5) | 0.0002 |
| APTT, seconds | 32.5 (5) | 34 (6) | 0.008 |
| INR | 1 (0.1) | 1 (0.1) | 0.7 |
| Cholesterol, mmol/L | 4.6±1.1 | 4.7±1.1 | 0.8 |
| HDL cholesterol, mmol/L | 1.3 (0.5) | 1.2 (0.5) | 0.3 |
| LDL cholesterol, mmol/L | 2.8 (1.4) | 2.6 (1.4) | 0.5 |
| Triglycerides, mmol/L | 1.15 (0.9) | 1.3 (0.8) | 0.05 |
AF, atrial fibrillation; MI, myocardial infarction; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; DM, diabetes mellitus; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; DVT, deep venous thrombosis; LE, lung embolism; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; APTT, activated partial thromboplastin time; INR, international normalized ratio; HDL, high density lipoprotein; LDL, low density lipoprotein.