Fig. 3.

Total alkalinity and dissolved inorganic carbon as well as buffer factor distributions against salinity in August 2013. a Total alkalinity (TA) and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and b buffer factors (see definitions in Eqs. (6) and (7)). Most data were collected at the focused study site over a 5-day period, as marked in Fig. 1 (station 858). Those marked as TA other or DIC other were collected in waters between station 858 and the Chesapeake–Delaware Canal in the upper bay (Fig. 1). Data were also collected in the mid- and lower-bays at the CBL dock and the VIMS dock shortly after the main cruise