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. 2017 May 8;591(14):2035–2047. doi: 10.1002/1873-3468.12656

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© 2017 The Authors. FEBS Letters published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Federation of European Biochemical Societies

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Stimulation of Rad51 activity by Swi5‐Sfr1. (1) Rad51 alone cannot displace RPA from ssDNA to form a filament. Mediators such as Rad52/BRCA2 and Rad51 paralogues facilitate the removal of RPA from ssDNA and subsequent formation of the Rad51 filament. This filament has relatively low strand exchange activity. (2) The Rad51 filament is restructured into a stabilised form, likely due to the insertion of Swi5‐Sfr1 into the grooves of the filament. This active filament is extended compared to the inactive filament. (3) Following strand invasion, Swi5‐Sfr1 stimulates ATP hydrolysis by Rad51 to enhance strand exchange, likely by making the filament more dynamic. Whether Swi5‐Sfr1 remains part of the groove or exerts an effect on strand exchange through a different mechanism is not known. Rad51 paralogues likely play a role here too.