Table 4. Genes significantly changed by acute nicotine treatment as confirmed by real-time PCR.

Gene symbol	Gene	Ratio ± SDa	p value	FDRb
DUSP	Dual specificity phosphatase 2	1.23 ± 0.04	0.005	0.025
IL6ST	Interleukin 6 signal transducer	0.81 ± 0.04	0.013	0.028
TRAF6	Tnf receptor-associated factor 6	0.90 ± 0.01	0.027	0.035
TGFBR2	Transforming growth factor, beta receptor 2	0.73 ± 0.07	0.009	0.028
ITGB1	Integrin beta 1	0.73 ± 0.10	0.004	0.025
HMGN1	High mobility group nucleosomal binding domain 1	1.37 ± 0.07	0.028	0.035
DAXX	Fas death domain-associated protein	1.12 ± 0.06	0.023	0.035
MAPK14	Mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	1.14 ± 0.05	0.014	0.028

^aThe ratio shown in this column is between gene expression in the nicotine-treated and control groups. For the ten genes verified by real-time PCR, the expression of eight is significantly (p < 0.05) different in response to acute nicotine treatment. For the other two genes, i.e., ARAF1 and RPS6KB1, the p value is 0.197 and 0.519, respectively. Although the expression change of the two genes did not reach significance, they showed a trend in the same direction as that detected with the microarray approach

^bFDR is calculated from the p values of the ten genes verified by real-time PCR via the method of Benjamini and Hochberg (1995). For ARAF1 and RPS6KB1, the FDR is 0.219 and 0.519, respectively; the values are not shown in the table, because the expression difference in the two genes was not significant in real-time PCR tests