Table 2.
Protein Name | Gene | SNP Marker | Associated Neuropsychiatric Disorders |
---|---|---|---|
Catechol-O-methyltransferase | COMT | rs4680 | Alcohol abuse29,30 Methamphetamine abuse30 Heroin dependence31,32 Cocaine dependence33,34 Anxiety35,36 Depression37,38 |
Dopamine β-hydroxylase | DBH | rs1611115 | Cocaine addiction39,40 ADHD41 Methamphetamine abuse42 Schizophrenia43 |
Dopamine D1 receptor | DRD1 | rs4532 | Depression44 Heroin addiction45 Alcohol dependence45 |
Ankyrin repeat and kinase domain containing 1/dopamine receptor D2 | ANKK1/DRD2 | rs1800497 | Alcohol and cocaine Dependence46 Heroin abuse32,45,47 |
Dopamine D4 receptor | DRD4 | rs3758653 | Anxiety48,49 Heroin abuse50-52 |
Dopamine rransporter SLC6A3 | DAT | rs27072 | Methamphetamine addiction53 |
γ-Aminobutyric acid receptor A, γ2 subunit | GABRG2 | rs211014 | Alcohol abuse54 Heroin abuse55 Methamphetamine abuse55 |
Opioid receptor, κ1 | OPRK1 | rs1051660 | Mood disorders56 Alcohol dependence57 |
Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase | MTHFR | rs1801133 | Bipolar disorder, depression58,59 |
Opioid receptor, Mu 1 | OPRM1 | rs1799971 | Heroin addiction60 Opioid use disorder61 Substance use disorder61,62 Alcoholism57,63,64 |
Serotonin receptor 2A | HTR2A | rs7997012 | Drug abuse29 Depression65 |
Phenotypic Traits | Risk Factors | ||
Age | 16-45 years old73,66 | ||
Personal history | Mental health disorders29,67-69 Depression70-72 Alcoholism73,74 Illicit drug use75,76 Prescription drug abuse77 |
ADHD, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.