Table 5.
Bleeding risk assessment tools
| Atrial fibrillation
|
VTE
|
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HEMORR2 HAGES51 (assigned points) |
HAS-BLED52 (one point each) |
ATRIA53 (assigned points) |
RIETE55 (assigned points) |
CHEST1 (one point each) |
| Liver/renal disease (1); age >75 years (1) | Abnormal liver or renal function; elderly | Severe renal disease/dialysis (3); age >75 years (2) | SCr>1.2 mL/dL (1.5); age >75 years (1) | Renal failure; age >65 years; age >75 years |
| Anemia (1); low platelets (1); history of bleeding (2); risk of re-bleeding (1) | History or risk of bleeding | Anemia (3); prior bleeding (1) | Anemia (1.5); recent bleeding (<15 days) (2) | Anemia; previous bleeding |
| Alcohol abuse (1) | Drug/alcohol use | Alcohol abuse Antiplatelet therapy; NSAID use |
||
| Labile INR | Poor anticoagulant control | |||
| Uncontrolled hypertension (1) | Uncontrolled hypertension | Hypertension (1) | ||
| Risk of falls or stroke (1) | History of stroke | Previous stroke Frequent falls |
||
| Genetic factors (1) | Cancer (1); PE at baseline (1) | Cancer; metastatic cancer Diabetes Comorbidity and reduced functional capacity Recent surgery |
||
| Low risk: 0–1; intermediate risk: 2–3; high risk: ≥4 | Low risk: <3; high risk: ≥3 | Low risk: 0–3; intermediate risk: 4; high risk: ≥5 | Low risk: 0; intermediate risk: 1–4; high risk: >4 | Low risk: 0; intermediate: 1; high risk ≥2 |
Abbreviations: INR, international normalized ratio; NSAID, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug; VTE, venous thromboembolism.