Table 1.

List of main radioprotective compounds studied with their dose modifying factor (DMF) or the percentage (%) of survival after 30 days following its application along with the probable mechanism of action and chemical structure where available

Group and name of compounds	DMF or % survival	Mechanism of action	Chemical structure (pubchem)	References
Sulfhydryl compounds
Amifostine (WR-2721)	2.7	Free radical scavenging, repair		Hall and Giaccia (2006)
Cystaphos (WR-638)	2.1	Free radical scavenging, repair		Hall and Giaccia (2006)
N-Acetylcysteine	1.1	Free radical scavenging		Landauer et al. (1988)
Vitamins and hormones
Vitamin E (tocopherol)	1.1	Antioxidant, free radical scavenging		Srinivasan et al. (1997)
Tocopherol monoglucoside	1.23	Antioxidant, free radical scavenging		Satyamitra et al. (2003)
Gamma-tocotrienol (GT3)	1.29	Antioxidant, free radical scavenging, stimulation of G-CSF		Ghosh et al. (2009)
Tocopherol succinate	1.28	Free radical scavenging, modulation of antioxidant enzymes		Landauer et al. (1988)
Vitamin A	1.11	Free radical scavenging		Seifter et al. (1984)
Vitamin C	No protection	Free radical scavenging		Harapanhalli et al. (1996)
Lipoic acid	1.26	Free radical scavenging		Ramakrishnan et al. (1992)
l-Selenomethionine, vitamin C, vitamin E succinate, α-lipoic acid and N-acetylcysteine (mixed)	1.6	Free radical scavenging		Wambi et al. (2008)
Melatonin	86	Free radical scavenging		Vijayalaxmi et al. (1999b)
Phytochemicals and dietary antioxidants
Orientin and vicenin	1.3–1.37	Free radical scavenging		Uma Devi et al. (1999)
Genistein	1.16	Free radical scavenging		Landauer et al. (2003)
Sesamol	100	Free radical scavenging		Khan et al. (2015)
Botanical and herbal extracts
Podophyllum hexadendrum	1.62	Free radical scavenging	N/A	Lata et al. (2009), Gupta et al. (2007)
Ageratum conyzoides	1.3	Free radical scavenging	N/A	Jagetia et al. (2003b)
Aegle marmelos	1.2	Inhibition of lipid peroxidation	N/A	Jagetia et al. (2004b)
Zingiber officinale	1.15	Free radical scavenging	N/A	Jagetia et al. (2003a, 2004a)
Hippophae rhamnoides	80	Free radical scavenging	N/A	Prakash et al. (2005)
Radiola Imbricata	90	Free radical scavenging	N/A	Goel et al. (2006)
Bacterial extracts
CBLB502 (recombinant salmonella flagellin)	1.6	Binding to toll-like receptor 5 and activation of nuclear factor-kB	N/A	Burdelya et al. (2008)
CBLB613 (lipopeptide from Mycoplasma arginini)	1.25	Induction of interleukins and chemokines	N/A	Singh et al. (2012)
Cytokines
IL-1	88–100 1.05–1.12	Regulates the proliferation of hematopoietic cells	N/A	Neta et al. (1986), Dorie et al. (1989)

N/A not available