Table 3.
Risk factors associated with severe hospital-acquired Clostridium difficile infection analyzed by multivariate logistic regression.
| Variable | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | |
| Age ≥65 | 2.035(1.173–3.529) | 0.011 | ||
| Ward of admission at onset of CDI | 0.047 | |||
| Medical | Reference | |||
| Surgical | 0.904 (0.311–2.632) | |||
| Intensive care | 1.000 (0.287–3.488) | |||
| Haemato-oncological | 2.571 (0.818–8.080) | |||
| Geriatric | 0.783 (0.233–2.632) | |||
| Fever >38·5 °C | 2.313 (1.313–4.074) | 0.004 | ||
| ICU admission prior to CDI | 2.540 (1.313–4.915) | 0.006 | ||
| Mechanical ventilation prior to CDI | 2.869 (1.445–5.694) | 0.003 | ||
| Infection concomitant to CDI | 2.230 (1.284–3.875) | 0.004 | ||
| Bloodstream infection concomitant to CDI | 3.734 (1.511–9.228) | 0.004 | 8.481 (1.654–43.491) | 0.010 |
| Pulmonary infection concomitant to CDI | 2.379 (1.343–4.212) | 0.003 | 6.026 (1.158–31.363) | 0.033 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 2.226 (1.087–4.559) | 0.029 | ||
| Antibiotic | 2.215 (0.901–5.445) | 0.083 | ||
| Cephalosporin | 1.796 (1.035–3.118) | 0.037 | ||
| Leukocyte ≥15 × 109/L | 3.125 (1.397–6.991) | 0.006 | ||
| Serum creatinine increase >50% | 2.218 (1.059–4.642) | 0.035 | ||
| CRP ≥100 mg/L | 3.352 (1.633–6.882) | 0.001 | 2.931 (1.339–6.417) | 0.007 |
OR, Odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; variables entering the multivariate logistic analysis were selected by univariate logistic regression (Supplementary Table 2).