Table 1.
Characteristics § of study participants in the lower and upper quintiles of energy-adjusted*glycemic index and glycemic load.
| Glycemic index | Glycemic load | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quintile 1 | Quintile 5 | Quintile 1 | Quintile 5 | |
| N | 9,089 | 9,089 | 9,089 | 9,089 |
| Glycemic index | 50.0 (0.01) | 57.4 (0.02) | 52.5 (0.03) | 54.4 (0.03) |
| Glycemic load | 132.6 (0.51) | 167.8 (0.63) | 86.0 (0.17) | 235.2 (0.38) |
| High GI (g/day) | 90.0 (0.41) | 186.5 (0.81) | 72.2 (0.24) | 231.2 (0.65) |
| Low GI (g/day) | 177.1 (0.70) | 106.0 (0.43) | 91.7 (0.30) | 202.0 (0.68) |
| Total carbohydrate (g/day) | 266.9 (1.02) | 292.5 (1.10) | 163.9(0.32) | 433.2 (0.69) |
| Fiber (g/day) | 22.3 (0.09) | 26.4 (0.14) | 15.9 (0.05) | 34.7 (0.14) |
| Total fat (g/day) | 92.3 (0.32) | 82.1 (0.29) | 66.95 (0.21) | 112.2 (0.32) |
| Saturated fat (g/day) | 32.5 (0.13) | 28.1 (0.11) | 23.0 (0.08) | 39.5 (0.13) |
| Monounsaturated fat (g/day) | 44.0 (0.16) | 38.8 (0.14) | 32.2 (0.11) | 52.4 (0.16) |
| Polyunsaturated fat (g/day) | 10.6 (0.04) | 10.5 (0.04) | 7.95 (0.03) | 13.8 (0.05) |
| Alcohol (g/day) | 11.3 (0.16) | 13.7 (0.19) | 10.5 (0.16) | 14.9 (0.20) |
| Energy (kcal/day) | 2287.0 (7.42) | 2299.6 (7.28) | 1568.2 (3.38) | 3234.4 (5.81) |
| Age (years) | 50.7 (0.08) | 50.8 (0.08) | 52.4 (0.08) | 48.9 (0.08) |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 25.9 (0.04) | 26.2 (0.04) | 26.1 (0.04) | 26.1 (0.04) |
| Physical activity (MET-hours) | 1.54 (0.001) | 1.53 (0.001) | 1.53 (0.001) | 1.55 (0.001) |
| Education (% over 8 years) | 50 | 51 | 46 | 53 |
| Smoking (% smokers) | 24 | 31 | 24 | 31 |
§Table entries are means, except where indicated. *Energy adjustment by residual method.
Figures in brackets are standard errors.