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. 2017 Aug 29;7:9877. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-09992-7

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Collective dipole modes of oscillation in tubulin. (a) Average energies of the collective dipole modes of oscillation in tubulin. Gray – normal modes predicted for tryptophan, tyrosine and phenylalanine in tubulin in the absence of agents. (Blue – additional normal modes introduced due to the presence of an anesthetic agent; Red - additional normal modes introduced due to the presence of a non-anesthetic agent; Green – additional normal mode introduced to the presence of the anesthetic/convulsant agent flurothyl). (b) Agent-induced new frequency modes of oscillation versus MAC. As the non-anesthetics fall below the trend line minimum there is no predicted MAC for non-anesthetics available at any value. (Blue points – anesthetics; Red points - non-anesthetics; Green points – anesthetic/convulsant; Red line – difference between non-anesthetic predicted and actual (~1000% atm) MAC).