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. 2017 Aug 29;7:9722. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-10539-z

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Motivation effects over the stopping processing. Greater activities in the anterior caudate (a) and pre-SMA (b) were found during SSTs for the high-motivation situation. To inspect activities of the anterior caudate and pre-SMA in more detail, parameter estimates of the two areas were extracted and examined by within-factors ANOVA analysis. The anterior caudate (a) only shows the motivation main effect, indicating activities of this area were greater when motivation was high, regardless of inhibition success. For the pre-SMA (b), brain activity of the SST was higher than that of the USST in the high-motivation situation, but no difference was seen in the low-motivation situation. (HM = high motivation; LM = low motivation).