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. 2017 Aug 29;7:9815. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-10168-6

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Prophylactic 6-ECDCA administration prevents progression to CKD after an I/R induced AKI episode. (A) Urinary albumin/creatinine ratios measured every 4 wk after surgery in sham and I/R groups. (B) Urinary albumin, (C) Kim1 and (D) H₂O₂ levels from different treatment groups. n = 6 mice/group. Data are means ± SEM, one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s test. *p < 0.05. (E) Representative images of PAS staining (scale bar 25 μm). (F-H) Representative images of (F) Masson’s trichrome staining and immunostaining for (G) αSMA and (H) collagen I in renal sections from (a) sham, (b) I/R and (c) I/R + ECDCA groups (scale bar 100 μm). αSMA and collagen I are localized in the tubulointerstitial spaces as markers for tubulointerstitial fibrosis. (I and J) Bars represent quantitative analysis of the (I) mesangial area and (J) fibrosis area per high power field. (K and L) Bars represent (K) TGF-β and (L) collagen I mRNA levels in the kidneys. n = 6 mice/group. Data are means ± SEM, one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s test. *p < 0.05.