Table 2.
Presence of specific behavior change techniques (BCTs) in relation to activity, sleep, and sedentary behavior.
|
Behavior change technique |
Fitbit Charge HR | Garmin Vivosmart | Jawbone UP3 | Total | ||||||||
| Activity | Sleep | Sedentry | Activity | Sleep | Sedentry | Activity | Sleep | Sedentry | Activity | Sleep | Sedentry | |
| Provide information on consequences of behavior in general | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Provide information on consequences of behavior to the individual | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Provide information about others’ approval | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 0 |
| Provide normative information about others’ behavior | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 0 |
| Goal-setting (behavior) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
| Goal-setting (outcome) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
| Action Planning | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Barrier identification or problem solving | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Set graded tasks | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Prompt review of behavioral goals | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
| Prompt review of outcome goals | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
| Prompt rewards contingent on effort or progress toward behavior | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 1 |
| Provide rewards contingent on successful behavior | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
| Shaping | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
| Prompting generalization of a target behavior | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Prompt self-monitoring of behavior | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 2 |
| Prompt self-monitoring of behavioral outcome | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 2 |
| Prompting focus on past success | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 1 |
| Provide feedback on performance | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 2 |
| Provide information on where and when to perform the behavior | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Provide instruction on how to perform the behavior | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Model or demonstrate the behavior | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Teach to use prompts or cues | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 |
| Environmental restructuring | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Agree behavioral contract | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
| Prompt practice | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 |
| Use of follow-up prompts | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Facilitate social comparison | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 0 |
| Plan social support or social change | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 0 |
| Prompt identification as role model or position advocate | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
| Prompt anticipated regret | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Fear arousal | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Prompt self talk | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Prompt use of imagery | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Relapse prevention or coping planning | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 0 |
| Stress management or emotional control training | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Motivational interviewing | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Time management | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| General communication skills training | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Stimulate anticipation of future rewards | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 |
| Total | 25 | 10 | 0 | 19 | 4 | 10 | 33 | 29 | 7 | 77 | 43 | 17 |