Table 3.
Approach | Year | Dataset | Modalities | Validation Method | Metric | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Accuracy (%) | Sensitivity (%) | Specificity (%) | |||||
Our Method | 2017 | OASIS | MRI | semi-supervised method using 25% of the whole data set as training data ★ |
93.86 | 94.65 | 93.22 |
Hosseini-Asl et al. [10] | 2016 | ADNI | MRI | 10-fold cross-validation | 90.8 | n/a | n/a |
Zu et al. [42] | 2016 | ADNI | PET+MRI | 10-fold cross-validation | 80.26 | 84.95 | 70.77 |
Moradi et al. [43] | 2015 | ADNI | MRI | 10-fold cross-validation | 82 | 87 | 74 |
Liu et al. [5] | 2015 | ADNI | MRI | 10-fold cross-validation | 71.98 | 49.52 | 84.31 |
Suk et al. [3] | 2014 | ADNI | PET+MRI | 10-fold cross-validation | 85.7 | 99.58 | 53.79 |
Casanova et al. [44] | 2013 | ADNI | Only cognitive measures | 10-fold cross-validation | 65 | 58 | 70 |
Chyzhyk et al. [45] | 2012 | OASIS | MRI | 10-fold cross-validation | 74.25 | 96 | 52.5 |
Coupé et al. [46] | 2012 | ADNI | MRI | Leave-one-out cross-validation | 74 | 73 | 74 |
Cho et al. [47] | 2012 | ADNI | MRI | Independent test set | 71 | 63 | 76 |
Cheng et al. [48] | 2012 | ADNI | MRI | 10-fold cross-validation | 69.4 | 64.3 | 73.5 |
Savio et al. [49] | 2011 | OASIS | MRI | 10-fold cross-validation | 84 | 90 | 77 |
Westman et al. [50] | 2011 | ADNI | MRI | 10-fold cross-validation | 59 | 74 | 56 |
Chyzhyk et al. [51] | 2011 | OASIS | MRI | 10-fold cross-validation | 69 | 81 | 56 |
Savio et al. [32] | 2009 | OASIS | MRI | 10-fold cross-validation | 83 | 74 | 92 |
Chupin et al. [52] | 2009 | ADNI | MRI | Independent test set | 64 | 60 | 65 |
García-Sebastián et al. [33] | 2009 | OASIS | MRI | Independent test set | 80.61 | 89 | 75 |
Savio et al. [34] | 2009 | OASIS | MRI | 10-fold cross-validation | 85 | 78 | 92 |
★ All the existing methods use supervised learning while our proposed model utilizes a semi-supervised learning method which can further justify its efficiency. ACC: Accuracy, SPE: Specificity, SEN: Sensitivity, PET: Positron Emission Tomography, n/a: Not Available, MCI: mild cognitive impairment; NC: normal condition.