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Schematic model of the functions of calprotectin. The two monomers S100A8 and S100A9 form calprotectin. Intracellular calprotectin’s main function is to interact with the cytoskeleton. When calprotectin is secreted by activated immune cells, it acts as a danger-associated molecular pattern protein. S100A8 and S100A9 are endogenous activators of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). This promotes the differentiation of monocytes to macrophages.
