Table 1.
Vascular Voltage-Gated Ca2+ Channels and Their Pharmacology
| Channel | Gene | Alternative names |
Accessory subunits |
Inhibitors/antagonists (IC50) | Activators/agonists (EC50) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CaV 1.2 | CACNA1C | L-type | β2 and β3, α2δ1 | Nifedipine (10–100 nmol/L) (872) | BayK 8644 (6 nmol/L) (1638) |
| Nimodipine (139 nmol/L) (1563) | FPL64176 (211 nmol/L) (1638) | ||||
| Diltiazem (500 nmol/L) (615) | |||||
| Verapamil (60 nmol/L) (615) | |||||
| Mibefradil (1.4–13 µmol/L) (576, 948) | |||||
| Cd2+ (7 µmol/L) (1054) | |||||
| Ni2+ (280 µmol/L) (1054) | |||||
| Kurtoxin (> 10 µmol/L) (251) | |||||
| ML218 (> 10 µmol/L) (1560) | |||||
| CaV 3.1 | CACNA1G | T-type, α1G | Mibefradil (0.4–1.2 µmol/L) (576) | ||
| Cd2+ (160 µmol/L) (833) | |||||
| Ni2+ (167–250 µmol/L) (833) | |||||
| Kurtoxin (15 nmol/L) (251) | |||||
| ML218 (~300 nmol/L) (1560) | |||||
| CaV 3.2 | CACNA1H | T-type, α1H | Mibefradil (1.1–1.2 µmol/L) (576) | ||
| Cd2+ (160 µmol/L) (833) | |||||
| Ni2+ (5.7–12 µmol/L) (833) | |||||
| Kurtoxin (61 nmol/L) (251) | |||||
| ML218 (310 nmol/L) (1560) |