Table 1.
Baseline characteristics in children with household multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and drug-susceptible tuberculosis exposure
| Risk factors and clinical states | DS-TB exposure (n = 316) N (%) | MDR-TB exposure (n = 229) N (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Child factors | ||
| < 1 year | 48 (15.2) | 50 (21.8) |
| 1 year | 66 (20.9) | 41 (17.9) |
| 2 years | 71 (22.5) | 44 (19.2) |
| 3 years | 73 (23.1) | 56 (24.5) |
| 4 years | 58 (18.4) | 38 (16.6) |
| Male | 162 (51.3) | 119 (52.2) |
| Black African (vs. mixed race) | 52 (16.5) | 101 (44.1)** |
| HIV-positive | 1 (0.3) | 8 (3.7)* |
| BCG scar/vaccination documented | 310 (98.1) | 181 (81.2)** |
| Previous tuberculosis treatment | 8 (2.5) | 21 (9.2)* |
| Weight for age (z-score) < −2 | 32 (10.1) | 23 (10.1) |
| Sleeps in same room as TB source case | 79 (25.3) | 34 (15.0)** |
| Sleeps in same bed as TB source case | 20 (6.4) | 57 (25.2)** |
| Adult source case /household factors | ||
| Source case sputum acid-fast bacilli smear-positive | 181 (62.9) | 180 (80.0)** |
| Household tobacco smoke exposure | 245 (80.4) | 145 (63.3)** |
| Mean socioeconomic index (x/11), n (standard deviation) | 4.0 (2.6) | 4.1 (2.5) |
| Clinical states | ||
| Exposure no infection | 205 (65.7) | 125 (61.3) |
| Infection no disease | 80 (25.6) | 86 (38.1)* |
| Disease | 27 (8.7) | 15 (6.6) |
p < 0.011*; p < 0.001**
MDR-TB Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistant to rifampicin and isoniazid (defined by line probe assay)
DS-TB Mycobacterium tuberculosis susceptible to rifampicin and isoniazid (defined by line probe assay)