Table 1.

Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Complex

Species	Published description	Human disease?	Location	Vector	Main reservoir
Borrelia burgdorferi	Johnson et al. 1984	Yes	N. America, Europe	Ixodes scapularis, Ixodes pacificus, Ixodes ricinus	Rodents and birds
Borrelia afzelii	Canica et al. 1993	Yes	Europe, Asia	I. ricinus, Ixodes persulcatus	Rodents
Borrelia garinii	Baranton et al. 1992	Yes	Europe, Asia	I. ricinus, I. persulcatus	Birds and rodents
Borrelia americana	Rudenko et al. 2009	No	United States	I. pacificus, Ixodes minor	Birds
Borrelia bavariensis	Margos et al. 2009	Yes	Europe, Asia	I. ricinus, I. persulcatus	Rodents
Borrelia andersonii	Marconi et al. 1995	No	United States	Ixodes dentatus	Rabbit
Borrelia bissettii	Postic et al. 1998	Yes	United States, Europe	I. scapularis, I. pacificus, I. ricinus, I. minor	Birds and rodents
Borrelia spielmanii	Richter et al. 2004	Yes	Europe	I. ricinus	Rodents
Borrelia valaisiana	Wang et al. 1997	Yes	Europe, Asia	I. ricinus, Ixodes granulates	Birds
Borrelia lusitaniae	Le Fleche et al. 1997	Yes	Europe, N. Africa	I. ricinus	Rodents
Borrelia californiensis	Margos et al. 2016	No	United States	I. pacificus, Ixodes jellisonii, Ixodes spinipalpis	Kangaroo rat, mule deer
Borrelia carolinensis	Rudenko et al. 2011a	No	United States	I. minor	Rodents
Borrelia kurtenbachii	Margos et al. 2014	No	United States	I. scapularis	Rodents
Borrelia finlandensis	Casjens et al. 2011	No	Finland	I. ricinus	Unknown
Borrelia sinica	Masuzawa et al. 2001	No	China	Ixodes ovatus	Rodents
Borrelia yangtzensis	Margos et al. 2015	No	China, Japan	Haemaphysalis longicornis, Ixodes granulatus	Rodents
Borrelia japonica	Kawabata et al. 1993	No	Japan	I. ovatus	Rodents
Borrelia tanukii	Fukunaga et al. 1996	No	Japan	Ixodes tanuki	Unknown
Borrelia turdi	Fukunaga et al. 1996	No	Japan	Ixodes turdus	Birds
Borrelia chilensis	Ivanova et al. 2014	No	Chile	Ixodes stilesi	Rice rats?
Borrelia mayonii	Pritt et al. 2016	Yes	U.S.-Upper Midwest	I. scapularis	Rodents?

Adapted from Rudenko et al. (2011b) and Cutler et al. (2017).