Table 2.

Interventions

CONSORT	ProACT
Study arms
Usual care	All care and decisions by existing care providers National LRTI guidelines disseminated No procalcitonin provided
Intervention	All care and decisions by existing care providers National LRTI guidelines disseminated Procalcitonin provided in ED, and if hospitalized, 6–24 h later, and on Days 3, 5, 7. a
Standardization	Standardized teaching material at start-up and refresher meetings, frequently asked questions, access to coordinating center and principal investigator 24/7 Study website, center visits and newsletters Center monitoring
Adherence	Regular adherence reports of procalcitonin sample time collection, time to clinician notification, procalcitonin guideline adherence, and feedback to individual centers

ED emergency department, LRTI lower respiratory tract infection

^aserial blood draws only occur in hospitalized patients on antibiotics