Table 2.

Average depressive symptoms by educational attainment and literacy.

	Average depressive symptoms
Education (years)	N	Mean	Standard deviation
< 9	1978	2.46	1.83
9–11	2523	2.09	1.76
12	5907	1.54	1.53
13–15	3266	1.34	1.44
16	1472	1.04	1.24
17+	1572	0.91	1.12
Literacy score
0–2	1044	2.42	1.74
2.5–4	3355	1.89	1.7
4.5–6	6479	1.57	1.58
6.5–8	4838	1.33	1.46
8.5–10	1002	1.19	1.39

Repeated measures of depressive symptom averaged within individuals