Table 1. Six-year changes of spherical equivalence and related biometric factors in the right eye.
| Characteristic | SE (mean, 95% CI),D |
Corneal power (mean, 95% CI),D |
AL (mean, 95% CI),mm |
ACD (mean, 95% CI),mm |
LT (mean, 95% CI),mm |
LP (mean, 95% CI),D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total No. | 1300 | 1273 | 598 | 596 | 566 | 554 |
| Difference | 0.31(0.27 to 0.36) | 0.28(0.26 to 0.29) | 0.07(0.05 to 0.10) | -0.06(-0.07 to -0.05) | 0.15(0.13 to 0.16) | -1.62 (-1.72 to -1.52) |
| Age group | ||||||
| 35–44 | 0.24(0.19 to 0.30) | 0.30(0.27 to 0.34) | 0.06(0.01 to 0.11) | -0.09(-0.11 to -0.08) | 0.22(0.19 to 0.24) | -1.78(-1.94 to -1.62) |
| 45–54 | 0.51(0.46 to 0.57) | 0.29(0.26 to 0.31) | 0.06(0.04 to 0.09) | -0.05(-0.07 to -0.03) | 0.14(0.12 to 0.17) | -1.93 (-2.02 to -1.84) |
| 55–64 | 0.26(0.15 to 0.38) | 0.24(0.20 to 0.27) | 0.08(0.06 to 0.11) | -0.07(-0.09 to -0.05) | 0.11(0.09 to 0.13) | -1.24 (-1.51 to -0.98) |
| ≥65 | -0.05(-0.21 to 0.10) | 0.26(0.20 to 0.32)a | 0.12(-0.00 to 0.24)b | -0.00(-0.04 to 0.03)b | 0.08(0.01 to 0.16)b | -0.89 (-1.41 to -0.36)b |
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 0.34(0.28 to 0.41) | 0.28(0.25 to 0.30) | 0.08(0.04 to 0.11) | -0.06(-0.08 to -0.05) | 0.16(0.14 to 0.17) | -1.69 (-1.84 to -1.53) |
| Female | 0.29(0.23 to 0.34) | 0.28(0.25 to 0.30) | 0.07(0.05 to 0.10) | -0.06(-0.08 to -0.05) | 0.14(0.12 to 0.17) | -1.57 (-1.70 to -1.43) |
| Education | ||||||
| Less than high school | 0.25(0.17 to 0.32) | 0.28(0.25 to 0.31) | 0.10(0.05 to 0.15) | -0.05(-0.07 to -0.03) | 0.10(0.07 to 0.14) | -1.41 (-1.63 to -1.19) |
| High school or above | 0.35(0.30 to 0.40)a | 0.28(0.25 to 0.30) | 0.06(0.04 to 0.08) | -0.07(-0.08 to -0.06) | 0.17(0.15 to 0.18)b | -1.72 (-1.83 to -1.61)a |
| Baseline refractive state | ||||||
| Moderate to high myopia | 0.01(-0.19 to 0.22) | 0.23(0.12 to 0.35) | 0.27(0.07 to 0.46) | -0.08(-0.12 to -0.04) | 0.16(0.09 to 0.24) | -1.77 (-2.38 to -1.16) |
| Mild myopia | 0.18(0.06 to 0.29) | 0.30(0.27 to 0.33) | 0.09(0.04 to 0.14) | -0.07(-0.11 to -0.03) | 0.17(0.14 to 0.20) | -1.35 (-1.65 to -1.05) |
| Emmetropia | 0.41(0.36 to 0.45) | 0.28(0.26 to 0.31) | 0.04(0.03 to 0.05) | -0.07(-0.08 to -0.06) | 0.16(0.13 to 0.18) | -1.76 (-1.85 to -1.67) |
| Hyperopia | 0.38(0.31 to 0.45)b | 0.27(0.24 to 0.30) | 0.04(0.02 to 0.06)a | -0.04(-0.06 to -0.02)b | 0.12(0.10 to 0.14)b | -1.55 (-1.74 to -1.36) |
SE: spherical equivalence; AL: axial length; ACD: anterior chamber depth; LT: lens thickness; LP: lens power; D: diopter; CI: confidence interval.
a P < 0.05;
b P < 0.001;
P values were results of P-trend analysis.