Comparison of the null model of cultural diffusion dictated by IBD (folktale geographic; light blue) against all alternative models: demic diffusion (folktale genetic; red), language-biased cultural diffusion (folktaleL geographic; purple), and language-biased demic diffusion (folktaleL geneticL; yellow) over cumulative geographic distance. Product–moment correlation coefficients are calculated at each geographic bin (size = 2,000 km), with original distance matrices up to 12,000 km.