Table S9.

Model exploring the association between young adult test performance and outcome

Predictor variables	OR	Estimate	SE	Wald	P value
Multistep problem solving, poor performance	1.75	0.56	0.23	5.63	0.018*
Novel object, quiet	0.43	−0.84	0.33	6.51	0.011*
Golden score	0.43	−0.85	0.31	7.64	0.006**
Labrador score	0.97	−0.03	0.41	0.01	0.941
Maternal parity	1.12	0.11	0.13	0.67	0.414
Sex of puppy	0.31	−1.18	0.59	4.03	0.045*
Age at return	0.59	−0.52	0.25	4.41	0.036*
Interaction	0.23	−1.45	0.45	10.30	0.001**
Umbrella-opening reactivity × German Shepherd	0.84	−0.18	0.46	0.16	0.691
Umbrella-opening reactivity × Labrador Retriever	1.70	0.53	0.26	4.15	0.042*
Umbrella-opening reactivity × Golden Retriever	0.40	−0.92	0.37	6.22	0.013*

The dependent variable was outcome in the program, 1/0 (released from program or successfully placed as guide or breeder). Predictor variables retained were as follows: multistep problem solving, poor performance; long latency to vocalize when presented with a novel object; an interaction between umbrella-opening reactivity and breed (German Shepherd, Labrador Retriever, and Golden Retriever); Golden score, Golden Retriever compared with German Shepherd; Labrador score, Labrador Retriever compared with German Shepherd; maternal parity, 1–5; sex of puppy, 1/0 (male or female); and age at return, 14–17 mo. Litter ID was entered as a random effect. n = 98 (32 release dogs, 66 successes). Statistical tests of significance used GEE (**P < 0.01; *P < 0.05).