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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Aug 30.
Published in final edited form as: J Cogn Neurosci. 2016 Jun 17;28(10):1484–1500. doi: 10.1162/jocn_a_00990

Figure 6.

Figure 6

Inverse relationship between L1 connectivity with early perceptual cortex and L1 learning outcomes. The top plot (A) displays the results of a whole-brain PPI analysis in which we observed a negative correlation between L1 posttest scores and connectivity with left auditory cortex during L1 exposure (Z > 1.96, p < .05). Decoupling from this sensory area, particularly in pFC and the basal ganglia, was associated with high accuracy on the L1 posttest. For illustrative purposes, the bottom plot (B) shows this relationship for each of the fronto-subcortical peaks color-coded in A. Note that we find no significant relationship between L1 connectivity with fronto-subcortical regions and L2 learning (but refer to Figure 7).