L1 connectivity (top plot, A) and L1 activation (bottom plot, B) positively correlated with L2 posttest performance in overlapping posterior parietal regions (Z > 1.96, p < .05). When precuneus and PCC were actively engaged during L1 processing (indicated both by connectivity and activation measures), participants were more sensitive to the L2 shift, as evidenced by robust L2 behavioral performance.