Table 1.
Assessment score sheet
| Assessment | Yes | No |
|---|---|---|
| Past history | ||
| History of fall | 1 | 0 |
| History of syncope | 1 | 0 |
| History of convulsions | 1 | 0 |
| Impairment | ||
| Visual impairment | 1 | 0 |
| Hearing impairment | 1 | 0 |
| Vertigo | 1 | 0 |
| Mobility | ||
| Wheelchair | 1 | 0 |
| Cane | 1 | 0 |
| Walker | 1 | 0 |
| Need assistance | 1 | 0 |
| Cognition | ||
| Disturbance of consciousness | 1 | 0 |
| Restlessness | 1 | 0 |
| Memory disturbance | 1 | 0 |
| Decreased judgment | 1 | 0 |
| Dysuria | ||
| Incontinence | 1 | 0 |
| Frequent urination | 1 | 0 |
| Need helper | 1 | 0 |
| Go to bathroom often at night | 1 | 0 |
| Difficult to reach the toilet | 1 | 0 |
| Drug use | ||
| Sleeping pills | 1 | 0 |
| Psychotropic drugs | 1 | 0 |
| Morphine | 1 | 0 |
| Painkiller | 1 | 0 |
| Antiparkinson drug | 1 | 0 |
| Antihypertensive medication | 1 | 0 |
| Anti-cancer agents | 1 | 0 |
| Laxatives | 1 | 0 |
| Dysfunction | ||
| Muscle weakness | 1 | 0 |
| Paralysis, numbness | 1 | 0 |
| Dizziness | 1 | 0 |
| Bone malformation | 1 | 0 |
| Rigidity | 1 | 0 |
| Brachybasia | 1 | 0 |
Patients were classified into three groups: Grade 1 (low risk), Grade 2 (moderate risk), and Grade 3 (high risk) based on total scores of 0–5, 6–15, and ≥16 and including at least one item in each category, respectively.