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. 2017 Aug 30;7:10075. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-10406-x

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Ischemic Stroke Results in Significant Brain Swelling and Atrophy. MRI was performed 24 hours post-stroke and 1, 4, and 12 weeks post-transplant. Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) demonstrated abnormal territorial hyperintensity in the right cerebral hemisphere 24 hours post-stroke (A). Corresponding ADC maps showed hypointense signal at the lesion site, validating the presence of ischemic stroke (B). T2-weighed FLAIR images displayed initial brain swelling in the ipsilateral hemisphere at 24 hours post-stroke (C) that subsides by 1 week post-transplant (D). T2-weighted FLAIR images taken at 4 weeks (E) and 12 weeks (F) post-transplant showed significant brain atrophy at the area of the infarct. Volumetric measurements on T1-weighted images supported these changes (G). Data are expressed as mean ± s.d. Data is generated from scans of 4 animals per treatment group. *Indicates significance from the volume of the contralateral hemisphere (p < 0.005).