Table 1. Baseline characteristics of patients.
| Characteristics | Total (n=64) | ELs (n=22) | PLs (n=42) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 59.4±11.1 | 60.1±10.3 | 59.0±11.6 | 0.705 | |
| Sex (M/F) | 42 (65.0)/22 (34.4) | 13 (59.1)/9 (40.9) | 29 (69.0)/13 (31.0) | 0.603 | |
| Serum M-protein | 0.699 | ||||
| IgG, kappa | 12 (18.8) | 4 (18.2) | 8 (19.0) | ||
| IgG, lambda | 16 (25.0) | 6 (27.3) | 10 (23.8) | ||
| IgA, kappa | 10 (15.6) | 3 (13.6) | 7 (16.7) | ||
| IgA, lambda | 4 (6.2) | 2 (9.1) | 2 (4.8) | ||
| Light chain, kappa | 9 (14.1) | 1 (4.5) | 8 (19.0) | ||
| Light chain, lambda | 10 (15.6) | 5 (22.7) | 5 (11.9) | ||
| Others | 3 (4.7) | 1 (4.5) | 2 (4.8) | ||
| Durie-Salmon stage | 1.000 | ||||
| I–II | 9 (14.0) | 3 (13.6) | 6 (14.3) | ||
| III | 55 (85.9) | 19 (86.4) | 36 (85.7) | ||
| ISS stage | 0.065 | ||||
| I–II | 42 (72.4) | 11 (55.0) | 31 (81.6) | ||
| III | 16 (27.6) | 9 (45.0) | 7 (18.4) | ||
| Previous ASCT | 0.551 | ||||
| No | 36 (56.2) | 14 (63.6) | 22 (52.4) | ||
| Yes | 28 (43.8) | 8 (36.4) | 20 (47.6) | ||
| Hb at diagnosis (g/dL) | 10.9±2.9 | 10.6±3.1 | 11.1±2.8 | 0.490 | |
| Albumin at diagnosis (g/dL) | 3.6±0.8 | 3.7±0.7 | 3.5±0.8 | 0.459 | |
| Protein at diagnosis (g/dL) | 8.2±1.9 | 8.0±2.2 | 8.3±1.7 | 0.518 | |
| Ca at diagnosis (g/dL) | 9.3±1.2 | 9.6±1.2 | 9.1±1.1 | 0.069 | |
| Cr at diagnosis (mg/dL) | 1.3±1.2 | 1.5±1.7 | 1.2±0.8 | 0.352 | |
| β2-micro at diagnosis (mg/dL) | 4.7±4.4 | 5.8±4.9 | 4.2±4.0 | 0.201 | |
| LDH at diagnosis (U/L) | 471.9±409.3 | 643.6±645.6 | 382.0±140.7 | 0.074 | |
| BMPCs at diagnosis (%) | 39.1±25.0 | 48.5±31.0 | 34.2±19.9 | 0.058 | |
| Cytogenetics* | 0.369 | ||||
| High | 19 (47.5) | 9 (60.0) | 10 (40.0) | ||
| Standard (NA=24) | 21 (52.5) | 6 (40.0) | 15 (60.0) | ||
F, female; M, male; Hb, hemoglobin; Ca, calcium; Cr, creatinine; NA, not available.
*High-risk cytogenetics is defined as hypodiploidy or deletion 13 on conventional cytogenetics or presence of t(4;14), t(14;16), and 17p- on fluorescent in situ hybridization and/or conventional cytogenetics. All other cytogenetic abnormalities were considered standard risk.