Table 1.

Direct costs per TB case in the US, by cost component, adjusted to 2015 dollars

Ref.	Type of TB	Setting, US state(s)	Sample year(s)	Sample size	Hospitalization	Physician fees, inpatient	Physician fees, outpatient	Outpatient case management	Laboratory and imaging tests	Medications
[20]	Drug-susceptible	16 statesa	1990	n/s	26,900b	3800		6200
	MDR							21,500
[21]	Drug-susceptible	IA	1991	n/a	10,100		600		2200	800
[14]	Drug-susceptible	CA, MS, NJ	1992	178					1600	1200
[22]	Drug-susceptible	PA	1992	18	45,400
[23]	Drug-susceptible	MD	1992–94	n/s			600	3100	1200	1300
[24]	Drug-susceptible	MA	1993	n/a						1300
	MDR									16,900
[25]	Drug-susceptible	IL	1993–94	90		3400			1300
[5]	Drug-susceptible	CA	1995				300
	MDR	CA	1995				1200
[10]	Drug-susceptible	7 statesc	1995–96	733	19,300
[26]	MDR	7 statesc	1995–96	13	43,300	4000		34,100
[8]	Drug-susceptible	US	2006	8800	18,300b
[27]	Drug-susceptible	OR	2006	42				8000
[28]	MDR	CA, NY, TX	2005–07	130						62,600
[6]	Drug-susceptible	NC	2008–10	99				1400	1400	300
[29]	MDR	US	2009	n/a						11,600
[30]	Drug-susceptible	TN	2010	n/a				2900		500
[4]	Drug-susceptible	US	2011	n/a			200
[31]	Drug-susceptible	US	2014	n/a						300

n/s not specified, n/a not applicable (i.e., estimates not based on a sample of cases, but on administrative data)

^aAZ, CA, CO, FL, MA, ME, NH, NJ, NV, NY, OR, PA, SC, VT, WA, WI

^bThe reported value was per hospitalization episode, and was adjusted to a per-case patient estimate using the utilization assumptions detailed in Additional file 3

^cCA, GA, IL, MS, NY, SC, TX