Table 2.
Proportional hazards models of time to all deaths by FFI, VACS Index, CES-D, age group and potential confounders among HIV+ women who are not ART naïve.
| Variable | Crude HR (95% CI) | χ2 | p Value |
| Univariate analyses of indices | |||
| VACS score (0–164), per 20 points | 2.20 (1.98 to 2.45) | 214.6 | <0.0001 |
| FFI 3–5 vs 0–2 | 3.92 (2.92 to 5.26) | 83.2 | <0.0001 |
| CES-D (<16 vs >16) | 2.07 (1.55 to 2.77) | 24.0 | <0.0001 |
| Univariate analyses of potential confounders | |||
| Age per decade | 1.62 (1.38, 1.89) | 36.14 | <0.0001 |
| Race/ethnicity | 8.95 (2 df) | 0.011 | |
| White versus black | 0.55 (0.37, 0.83) | 8.02 | 0.005 |
| Others versus black | 0.74 (0.49, 1.11) | 2.15 | 0.140 |
| Education >high school versus <high school | 0.68 (0.51, 0.90) | 6.96 | 0.008 |
| Smoking (current vs no) | 3.41 (2.49, 4.69) | 57.5 | <0.0001 |
| Income (<$12 000 vs >$12 000) | 2.03 (1.49, 2.77) | 19.8 | <0.0001 |
| Drinking | 27.25 (3 df) | <0.0001 | |
| Low versus abstainer/none | 0.59 (0.42, 0.84) | 8.59 | 0.003 |
| Moderate versus abstainer/none | 1.27 (0.82, 1.98) | 1.14 | 0.290 |
| High versus abstainer/none | 3.48 (1.76, 6.87) | 12.9 | 0.0003 |
| BMI, kg/m2 (>30 vs <30) | 0.57 (0.41, 0.81) | 10.2 | 0.001 |
ART, antiretroviral therapies; BMI, body mass index; CES-D, Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression; df, degrees of freedom; FFI, Fried Frailty Index; HIV+, HIV-infected; VACS, Veterans Aging Cohort Study.