Table 1.
Studies on hepatic differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) or human embryonic stem cells (hESC) in co-culture with different cell types.
| Cell Type Used for Co-Culture with hiPSC/hESC | Ratio (hiPSC/hESC-Derived Cells:Co-Cultured Cell Type(s)) | Co-Culture Method | Culture Medium Applied | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Murine hepatic stromal cell line MLSgt20 | 1:1 | Self-aggregation in microwells | DMEM + FBS + differentiation factors | [58] |
| Murine embryonic fibroblasts (3T3-J2) | 0.04:1 | Seeding of DE cells onto mitomycin-treated 3T3-J2 feeder cells | Hepatocyte culture medium + FBS | [60] |
| Murine embryonic fibroblasts (swiss 3T3) | Not specified | Hepatoblast monolayer covered with 3T3 cell sheet | L15 medium + differentiation factors | [61] |
| HUVEC and mesenchymal stem cells | 10:7:2 | Spontaneous formation of 3D liver buds | HCM (without EGF) + EGM, 1:1 | [25,67] |
| hiPSC-derived endothelial cells | 2 : 1 | Multicomponent hydrogel fibers containing galactose for HLC and collagen for endothelial cells | Not specified | [55] |
| Hepatic stellate cell line TWNT-1 | Not specified | Cell inserts | DMEM-F12 + knockout serum replacer + DMSO | [56] |
| Murine embryonic fibroblasts (3T3-J2) | 2:1 or 2.5:1 for cryopreserved HLC | Micropatterned co-culture containing collagen coating and matrigel overlay | RPMI + B27 supplement + differentiation factors | [57] |
| Murine embryonic fibroblasts (3T3-J2) | 2:1 | Self-aggregation in microwells | RPMI + B27 supplement + differentiation factors | [59] |
| Primary rat hepatocytes | 1:2 | Microfluidic co-culture | DMEM + FBS + maintenance factors and IMDM + FBS + DMSO + differentiation factors | [66] |
| HUVEC and adipose derived stem cells | 1:1:0.02 | 3D bioprinting of in vivo like liver lobule structures | HCM (without EGF) + EGM-2, 1:1 | [52] |
| HUVEC | 2:1 | HUVEC grow in free spaces of hiPSC-derived DE cell monolayers | HCM + EGM complete, 1:1 and HCM + EGM Supplements | Present study |