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. 2017 Aug 11;18(8):1753. doi: 10.3390/ijms18081753

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© 2017 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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hRSV structure, pathology, and immune response.(A) The hRSV is an enveloped virus with a non-segmented, negative-sense, and single-stranded RNA genome. It has a genome of 15.2 kb consisting of 10 genes that codifies for 11 proteins; (B) The main target of infection of this virus are the epithelial ciliated cells. Its lung pathology is associated with mucus obstruction of the airways and its consequent alveolar sparing. The immune response associated to this pathogen is characterized by infiltration of PMNs to the lungs (eosinophil, neutrophils, monocytes); inflammation of the distal bronchial airways; a weak and unresponsive T cell immunity, most-likely due to the inhibition of the proper assembly of the Immunological synapse; and the secretion of many pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as, IL-6, IL8, TNF-a, among others.

hRSV structure, pathology, and immune response.(A) The hRSV is an enveloped virus with a non-segmented, negative-sense, and single-stranded RNA genome. It has a genome of 15.2 kb consisting of 10 genes that codifies for 11 proteins; (B) The main target of infection of this virus are the epithelial ciliated cells. Its lung pathology is associated with mucus obstruction of the airways and its consequent alveolar sparing. The immune response associated to this pathogen is characterized by infiltration of PMNs to the lungs (eosinophil, neutrophils, monocytes); inflammation of the distal bronchial airways; a weak and unresponsive T cell immunity, most-likely due to the inhibition of the proper assembly of the Immunological synapse; and the secretion of many pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as, IL-6, IL8, TNF-a, among others.