Skip to main content
. 2017 Aug 13;18(8):1764. doi: 10.3390/ijms18081764

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Dry eye results in the inflammatory response to diseases, infections, and damage of the ocular surface, and tear hyperosmolarity can activate a chain of events resulting in a vicious circle of inflammation of the anterior eye. Successively, the release of proinflammatory molecules secreted by several cells leads to the recruitment of immune cells as well as a disruption of the ocular surface. Interleukin-1-4-5-6-8 (IL-1-4-5-6-8); tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α); tumor necrosis factor-β (TNF-β); metalloproteases-3-7-9 (MMP-3-7-9); macrophage inflammatory proteins (MIP-1α); conjunctival human leukocyte antigen expression (HLA-DQ; HLA-DR); cell surface receptors (CD40 protein, CD40 ligand ICAM-1); prostaglandin-E (PG-E).