Table 1.
Maternal characteristics
| SGA (N=4,983) | AGA (N=53,200) | LGA (n=5,253) | SGA vs. AGA P* | LGA vs. AGA P* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal age (years) | 27 (22-31) | 28 (23-32) | 29 (25-33) | <.001 | <.001 |
| Maternal age categories (years) | <.001 | <.001 | |||
| <20 | 627 (12.6) | 4756 (8.9) | 236 (4.5) | ||
| 20-24.9 | 1318 (26.5) | 11841 (22.3) | 911 (17.3) | ||
| 25-29.9 | 1331 (26.7) | 15007 (28.2) | 1512 (28.8) | ||
| 30-34.9 | 1104 (22.2) | 13922 (26.2) | 1564 (29.8) | ||
| ≥35 | 603 (12.1) | 7674 (14.4) | 1030 (19.6) | ||
| Race / ethnicity | .001 | <.001 | |||
| Non-Hispanic black / African-American | 876 (17.6) | 9882 (18.6) | 924 (17.6) | ||
| Non-Hispanic white | 2387 (47.9) | 24674 (46.4) | 2415 (46.0) | ||
| Non-Hispanic Asian | 307 (6.2) | 2705 (5.1) | 194 (3.7) | ||
| Hispanic / Latino | 1197 (24.0) | 13372 (25.1) | 1448 (27.6) | ||
| Other | 180 (3.6) | 2083 (3.9) | 218 (4.2) | ||
| Not documented | 36 (0.7) | 484 (0.9) | 54 (1.0) | ||
| Primary source of medical care payment† | <.001 | <.001 | |||
| Private insurance | 2231 (45.1) | 27154 (51.4) | 2771 (53.1) | ||
| Government assisted insurance | 2240 (45.3) | 19897 (37.6) | 1811 (34.7) | ||
| Uninsured or self-pay | 476 (9.6) | 5809 (11.0) | 634 (12.2) | ||
| Obstetric history | <.001 | <.001 | |||
| Nulliparous | 2506 (50.3) | 21231 (39.9) | 1497 (28.5) | ||
| Prior vaginal delivery only | 1834 (36.8) | 23865 (44.9) | 2667 (50.8) | ||
| Prior vaginal and cesarean delivery | 334 (6.7) | 4057 (7.6) | 558 (10.6) | ||
| Prior cesarean delivery only | 309 (6.2) | 4042 (7.6) | 530 (10.1) | ||
| Prenatal care (≥ 2 visits)† | 4792 (99.1) | 51408 (99.4) | 5092 (99.6) | .02 | .13 |
| Cigarette use | 837 (16.8) | 4441 (8.4) | 289 (5.5) | <.001 | <.001 |
| Alcohol | 201 (4.0) | 1628 (3.1) | 149 (2.8) | <.001 | .36 |
| Cocaine or methamphetamine | 53 (1.1) | 236 (0.4) | 13 (0.3) | <.001 | .04 |
| BMI at delivery (kg/m2)† | 27.8 (25.1-31.6) | 29.6 (26.6-33.4) | 32.6 (29.1-36.8) | <.001 | <.001 |
| BMI at delivery categories (kg/m2)† | <.001 | <.001 | |||
| <25 | 1195 (24.4) | 6686 (12.8) | 203 (4.0) | ||
| 25-29.9 | 2005 (41.0) | 20909 (40.0) | 1391 (27.0) | ||
| 30-34.5 | 1094 (22.4) | 15195 (29.1) | 1780 (34.6) | ||
| 35-39.9 | 375 (7.7) | 6136 (11.8) | 1054 (20.5) | ||
| ≥40 | 222 (4.5) | 3307 (6.3) | 716 (13.9) | ||
| Transferred from another hospital | 11 (0.2) | 159 (0.3) | 11 (0.2) | .33 | .25 |
| Male fetal sex | 2551 (51.2) | 26766 (50.3) | 2674 (50.9) | .23 | .41 |
Data presented are n (%) or median (interquartile range)
SGA, small for gestational age (birth weight < 10% for gestational age); AGA, appropriate for gestational age (birth weight between 10-89% for gestational age); LGA, large for gestational age (birth weight > 90% for GA); BMI, body mass index
*
based on the chi-square test for categorical variables or Wilcoxon rank sum test for continuous variables
†
number of missing values: insurance (413); prenatal care (1771); BMI (1168)