Table 1. Evidence table.

Indoor residual spraying
Author, year of publication, study title	Objectives, study design, study setting	Sample size, outcome measures	Results
Controlled studies
Parades-Esquivel (2015) The impact of indoor residual spraying of deltamethrin on dengue vector populations in the Peruvian Amazon	To assess the impact of deltamethrin IRS on dengue vectors Intervention control trial Loreto, Peru	Intervention 36 houses: 12 constructed with painted wood, 12 with unpainted wood,12 with unpainted brick. Control Three houses (one per type of material) BI, CI, HI Adult indices	IRS reduced all immature indices in the first week after deltamethrin IRS application Adult index fell from 18.5 to 3.1, four weeks’ after intervention (p < 0.05)
Vazquez-Prokopec (2010) Quantifying the spatial dimension of dengue virus epidemic spread within a tropical urban environment	To assess the impact of IRS (Lambda-cyhalothrin) and spatial correlation in the odds of dengue infection Cross-correlation time series analysis, comparing to control (sprayed to non-sprayed houses) Cairns, North Queensland, Australia	383 DENV-2 confirmed cases and 1,163 IRS applications: 97 sprayed houses 151 non-sprayed houses Age adjusted dengue incidence Odds of secondary dengue infections	If IRS covered more than 60% of neighbouring premises: odds of secondary dengue infection at premises with confirmed dengue cases was significantly higher at unsprayed premises than at sprayed premises (OR = 2.8; 95% CI = 1.1–6.9; P = 0.03)
Before and after studies
Lien 1994 Dengue vector surveillance and control in Taiwan	To assess the effectiveness of IRS with alphacypermethrin as an emergency control measure Pre-and-post intervention Southern Taiwan	36977 sprayed houses 1991 14112 sprayed houses 1992 BI Larval density Number of confirmed and reported cases	BI from above 35 to under 5 Cases from above 3000 to under 1000
Indoor space spraying
Author, year of publication, study title	Objectives, study design, study setting	Sample size, outcome measures	Results
Controlled studies
Mani (2005) Efficacy of thermal fog application of deltacide, a synergized mixture of pyrethroids, against Aedes aegypti, the vector of dengue	To assess the effect of indoor and peridomestic spraying of deltacide on Aedes mosquitoes Intervention control trial Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India	3 residential colonies with 216–260 houses each 1 for peridomestic fogging 1 for indoor fogging 1 for control KD rates Adult mosquito densities % breeding sites BI	Adult mortality percentage reduction 100% post indoor fogging, 77.8% day 5, 6.25 day 7 BI 50 at baseline, post 7 days 29.6, post 14 days 37.5
Perich (2003) Evaluation of the efficacy of lambda-cyhalothrin applied by three spray application methods for emergency control of Aedes aegypti in Costa Rica	To assess the effect of lambda-cyhalothrin applied as ULV, LV and thermal fog spray against Ae. aegypti at front doors and inside rooms Intervention control trial Puntarenas, Costa Rica	Intervention 12 residential blocks 72 sprayed houses Control 2 residential blocks 12 untreated houses % adult mosquito mortality Adult density	Adult density dropped to 0 after spraying for thermal fog and ULV, increasing after day 7 and continued to increase until 7 weeks post spraying LV showed no significant difference to control
Perich (2001) Evaluation of the efficacy of lambda-cyhalothrin applied as ultra-low volume and thermal fog for emergency control of Aedes aegypti in Honduras	To assess the effect of lambda-cyhalothrin against Ae. aegypti when applied as ULV and thermal fog spray at front doors and inside rooms Intervention control trial El Progreso, Honduras	Intervention 4 residential blocks 24 treated houses Control 1 residential block 6 untreated houses Mean % mortality of adult mosquitoes Adult mosquito density	Adult density dropped to 0 for both treatments, increasing after day 7 and continued to increase until 7 weeks post spraying
Before and after studies
Koenraadt (2007) Spatial and temporal patterns in the recovery of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) populations after insecticide treatment	To assess the effectiveness of insecticide applications in the field and to study different strategies of spraying against Aedes in both space and time (pyrethrin mixture, ULV) Pre-and-post intervention study Kamphaeng Phet province, Thailand	Four houses in two areas Adult mortality Adult mosquito density Parity rates Spatial and temporal relationship	Indoor spray reduced the number of adult mosquitoes to around 10%, however gradually recovering after day 2
Further relevant studies published after initial searches
Vazquez-Prokopec (2017) Combining contact tracing with targeted indoor residual spraying significantly reduces dengue transmission.	To assess the effectiveness of IRS using space-time statistical data modelling with existing data Cairns, Australia	Data from 2008 and 2009 Probability of future DENV transmission	Data from 2008 and 2009 confirm that targeted IRS in potential exposure locations reduced the probability of future DENV transmission by 86 to 96%, compared to unsprayed premises