Table 1. Evidence table.
Indoor residual spraying | |||
Author, year of publication, study title | Objectives, study design, study setting | Sample size, outcome measures | Results |
Controlled studies | |||
Parades-Esquivel (2015) The impact of indoor residual spraying of deltamethrin on dengue vector populations in the Peruvian Amazon |
To assess the impact of deltamethrin IRS on dengue vectors Intervention control trial Loreto, Peru |
Intervention 36 houses: 12 constructed with painted wood, 12 with unpainted wood,12 with unpainted brick. Control Three houses (one per type of material) BI, CI, HI Adult indices |
IRS reduced all immature indices in the first week after deltamethrin IRS application Adult index fell from 18.5 to 3.1, four weeks’ after intervention (p < 0.05) |
Vazquez-Prokopec (2010) Quantifying the spatial dimension of dengue virus epidemic spread within a tropical urban environment |
To assess the impact of IRS (Lambda-cyhalothrin) and spatial correlation in the odds of dengue infection Cross-correlation time series analysis, comparing to control (sprayed to non-sprayed houses) Cairns, North Queensland, Australia |
383 DENV-2 confirmed cases and 1,163 IRS applications: 97 sprayed houses 151 non-sprayed houses Age adjusted dengue incidence Odds of secondary dengue infections |
If IRS covered more than 60% of neighbouring premises: odds of secondary dengue infection at premises with confirmed dengue cases was significantly higher at unsprayed premises than at sprayed premises (OR = 2.8; 95% CI = 1.1–6.9; P = 0.03) |
Before and after studies | |||
Lien 1994 Dengue vector surveillance and control in Taiwan |
To assess the effectiveness of IRS with alphacypermethrin as an emergency control measure Pre-and-post intervention Southern Taiwan |
36977 sprayed houses 1991 14112 sprayed houses 1992 BI Larval density Number of confirmed and reported cases |
BI from above 35 to under 5 Cases from above 3000 to under 1000 |
Indoor space spraying | |||
Author, year of publication, study title | Objectives, study design, study setting | Sample size, outcome measures | Results |
Controlled studies | |||
Mani (2005) Efficacy of thermal fog application of deltacide, a synergized mixture of pyrethroids, against Aedes aegypti, the vector of dengue |
To assess the effect of indoor and peridomestic spraying of deltacide on Aedes mosquitoes Intervention control trial Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India |
3 residential colonies with 216–260 houses each 1 for peridomestic fogging 1 for indoor fogging 1 for control KD rates Adult mosquito densities % breeding sites BI |
Adult mortality percentage reduction 100% post indoor fogging, 77.8% day 5, 6.25 day 7 BI 50 at baseline, post 7 days 29.6, post 14 days 37.5 |
Perich (2003) Evaluation of the efficacy of lambda-cyhalothrin applied by three spray application methods for emergency control of Aedes aegypti in Costa Rica |
To assess the effect of lambda-cyhalothrin applied as ULV, LV and thermal fog spray against Ae. aegypti at front doors and inside rooms Intervention control trial Puntarenas, Costa Rica |
Intervention 12 residential blocks 72 sprayed houses Control 2 residential blocks 12 untreated houses % adult mosquito mortality Adult density |
Adult density dropped to 0 after spraying for thermal fog and ULV, increasing after day 7 and continued to increase until 7 weeks post spraying LV showed no significant difference to control |
Perich (2001) Evaluation of the efficacy of lambda-cyhalothrin applied as ultra-low volume and thermal fog for emergency control of Aedes aegypti in Honduras |
To assess the effect of lambda-cyhalothrin against Ae. aegypti when applied as ULV and thermal fog spray at front doors and inside rooms Intervention control trial El Progreso, Honduras |
Intervention 4 residential blocks 24 treated houses Control 1 residential block 6 untreated houses Mean % mortality of adult mosquitoes Adult mosquito density |
Adult density dropped to 0 for both treatments, increasing after day 7 and continued to increase until 7 weeks post spraying |
Before and after studies | |||
Koenraadt (2007) Spatial and temporal patterns in the recovery of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) populations after insecticide treatment |
To assess the effectiveness of insecticide applications in the field and to study different strategies of spraying against Aedes in both space and time (pyrethrin mixture, ULV) Pre-and-post intervention study Kamphaeng Phet province, Thailand |
Four houses in two areas Adult mortality Adult mosquito density Parity rates Spatial and temporal relationship |
Indoor spray reduced the number of adult mosquitoes to around 10%, however gradually recovering after day 2 |
Further relevant studies published after initial searches | |||
Vazquez-Prokopec (2017) Combining contact tracing with targeted indoor residual spraying significantly reduces dengue transmission. |
To assess the effectiveness of IRS using space-time statistical data modelling with existing data Cairns, Australia |
Data from 2008 and 2009 Probability of future DENV transmission |
Data from 2008 and 2009 confirm that targeted IRS in potential exposure locations reduced the probability of future DENV transmission by 86 to 96%, compared to unsprayed premises |