Table 3.

Predicted Skin Damage 1 Week Later Using Subepidermal Moisture (SEM) Measures with Models Unadjusted and Adjusted for Ethnicity and Risk

Independent Variable	Subsequent Visual Skin Assessment (1 Week Later)
	Unadjusted Model		Adjusted Model
	None Versus Erythema/Stage 1 PU	None or Erythema/Stage 1 PU Versus Stage 2+PU	None Versus Erythema/Stage 1 PU	None or Erythema/Stage 1 PU Versus Stage 2+PU
	OR (99% Confidence Interval)
SEM	1.003 (0.999–1.005)*	1.003 (0.998–1.007)	1.002 (0.999–1.005)	1.002 (0.996–1.008)
Subsequent SEM (1 week later)	1.005 (1.003–1.007)*	1.008 (1.005–1.011)*	1.004 (1.003–1.006)*	1.008 (1.004–1.012)*
Anatomic location (reference = sacral)
Left buttock	0.353 (0.159–0.785)*	(0.235 0.008–6.594)	0.323 (0.145–0.719)*	0.240 (0.009–6.668)
Right buttock	0.867 (0.421–1.785)	2.224 (0.252–19.638)	0.798 (0.373–1.709)	1.916 (0.203–18.060)
Non-Hispanic white ethnicity			3.851 (1.254–11.831)*	1.241 (0.100—15.387)
At risk for pressure ulcers (Braden score≤18)			2.322 (0.750–7.187)	6.775 (0.635–72.258)*
100-unit change in the SEM measure	1.256	1.216

^*P ≤.05; Proportional odds models using generalized logistic regression. Odds ratios (ORs) reflect a 1-unit change in the SEM measure. Excludes observations with incontinence or Stage 2 + pressure ulcer (PU) present during initial SEM measure.