Table 2.
Infant clinical signs noted by study physician at enrollment/first episode admission by age at enrollment
| Signs at sepsis work-up | No. of infants with sign by age at enrollment n (% of N enrolled)
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0–3 days (N=38) | 4–7 days (N=103) | 8–28 days (N=376) | 29–60 days (N=325) | Overall (N=842) | |
|
| |||||
| Poor feeding/poor sucking** | 30 (79%) | 47 (46%) | 134 (36%) | 76 (23%) | 287 (34%) |
|
| |||||
| Fever** | 5 (13%) | 28 (27%) | 219 (58%) | 208 (64%) | 460 (55%) |
|
| |||||
| Cyanosis | 2 (5%) | 0 (0%) | 7 (2%) | 3 (1%) | 12 (1%) |
|
| |||||
| Abdominal distension** | 4 (11%) | 9 (9%) | 60 (16%) | 15 (5%) | 88 (10%) |
|
| |||||
| Seizures | 4 (11%) | 5 (5%) | 10 (3%) | 11 (3%) | 30 (4%) |
|
| |||||
| Bleeding** | 3 (8%) | 1 (1%) | 2 (1%) | 2 (1%) | 8 (1%) |
|
| |||||
| Tachypnea** | 10 (26%) | 8 (8%) | 97 (26%) | 143 (44%) | 258 (31%) |
|
| |||||
| Shock** | 3 (8%) | 0 (0%) | 6 (2%) | 0 (0%) | 9 (1%) |
|
| |||||
| Decreased activity or lethargy** | 25 (66%) | 28 (27%) | 85 (23%) | 44 (14%) | 182 (22%) |
|
| |||||
| Hypothermia** | 10 (26%) | 7 (7%) | 20 (5%) | 4 (1%) | 41 (5%) |
|
| |||||
| Diarrhea* | 0 (0%) | 1 (1%) | 15 (4%) | 26 (8%) | 42 (5%) |
|
| |||||
| Apneic spells | 2 (5%) | 1 (1%) | 4 (1%) | 3 (1%) | 10 (1%) |
|
| |||||
| Jaundice** | 9 (24%) | 19 (18%) | 8 (2%) | 1 (<1%) | 37 (4%) |
|
| |||||
| Chest wall retractions** | 9 (24%) | 5 (5%) | 72 (19%) | 95 (29%) | 181 (21%) |
|
| |||||
| Sclerema | 0 (0%) | 2 (2%) | 4 (1%) | 0 (0%) | 6 (1%) |
|
| |||||
| Cough** | 0 (0%) | 2 (2%) | 52 (14%) | 95 (29%) | 149 (18%) |
|
| |||||
| Pustules** 1/ | 1 (3%) | 46 (45%) | 57 (15%) | 4 (1%) | 108 (13%) |
|
| |||||
| Abscess** | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 28 (7%) | 7 (2%) | 35 (4%) |
|
| |||||
| Cellulitis | 0 (0%) | 2 (2%) | 6 (2%) | 7 (2%) | 15 (2%) |
|
| |||||
| Umbilical discharge/infection** 2/ | 1 (3%) | 14 (14%) | 42 (11%) | 8 (2%) | 65 (8%) |
|
| |||||
| Vomiting | 2 (5%) | 0 (0%) | 5 (1%) | 7 (2%) | 14 (2%) |
|
| |||||
| Dehydration | 1 (3%) | 8 (8%) | 12 (3%) | 10 (3%) | 31 (4%) |
|
| |||||
| Oral thrush† | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 13 (3%) | 2 (1%) | 15 (2%) |
|
| |||||
| Other | 9 (24%) | 15 (15%) | 61 (16%) | 49 (15%) | 134 (16%) |
|
| |||||
| Number of signs reported per infant† | |||||
| 1 | 2 (5%) | 27 (26%) | 75 (20%) | 70 (22%) | 174 (21%) |
| 2 | 13 (34%) | 34 (33%) | 129 (34%) | 106 (33%) | 282 (33%) |
| 3 | 9 (24%) | 24 (23%) | 76 (20%) | 95 (29%) | 204 (24%) |
| 4+ | 14 (37%) | 18 (17%) | 96 (26%) | 54 (17%) | 182 (22%) |
1/
Includes mention of “pustules”, “boils”, and “pyoderma”.
2/
Includes mention of “umbilical discharge”, “omphalitis”, and “umbilical sepsis”.
**
p ≤ 0.001,
*
p ≤ 0.01,
†
p ≤ 0.05 for a difference in the proportions by age at enrollment, by chi-square test.