Table 2. Association between demographic variables and use of herbal medicine in Japan and United States (U.S.) ^†.

	Herbal medicine users
	Japan n = 16			U.S. n = 345
	No. of users (%)‡	APOR§,	(95%Cl)§	No. of users (%)‡	APOR§	(95%Cl)
Sex
Male	5(0.3)	0.5	(0.1-1.8)	79(1.8)	0.3	(0.2-0.5)*
Female	11(0.5)	1.0		265(5.5)	1.0
Age (years old)
20-34	5(0.5)	1.8	(0.4-7.6)	111(3.8)	4.0	(1.7-9.5)*
35-49	6(0.5)	2.7	(0.5-15.8)	148(5.1)	5.8	(2.8-11.9)*
50-64	3(0.3)	1.4	(0.3-6.7)	74(3.8)	4.5	(2.2-9.1)*
65+	2(0.2)	1.0		12(0.8)	1.0
Education (years)
0-11 years	4(0.4)	0.8	(0.2-3.6)	25(1.7)	0.4	(0.3-0.5)*
12 years	2(0.1)	0.2	(0.0-1.0)*	89(3.0)	0.5	(0.4-0.7)*
13-15 years	5(0.6)	0.8	(0.2-2.9)	108(4.2)	0.7	(0.5-1.0)
>= 16 years	5(0.7)	1.0		122(5.5)	1.0
Marital status
Married/cohabiting	8(0.3)	0.7	(0.1-3.0)	174(3.4)	0.7	(0.5-1.0)*
Separated/widowed/divorced	3(0.6)	1.5	(0.4-5.9)	76(4.0)	1.0	(0.7-1.5)
Never married	4(0.6)	1.0		95(4.3)	1.0
Employment
Working	12(0.5)	1.0		269(4.3)	1.0
Student	-	<0.001	(<0.001-<0.001)*	11(3.6)	0.9	(0.3-2.7)
Homemaker	2(0.2)	0.4	(0.1-3.1)	24(4.5)	1.1	(0.7-1.8)
Retired	-	<0.001	(<0.001-<0.001)*	16(1.2)	0.8	(0.4-1.5)
Other	2(0.8)	1.5	(0.3-8.8)	25(3.0)	0.8	(0.5-1.1)

^†Samples were weighted to adjust for differential probabilities of selection and post-stratified to match the population distributions on the cross-classification for sex and age.

^§Adjusted prevalence odds ratio (APOR) and the 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) estimated by using multiple logistic regression with all demographic variables in the model.

^-no cases.

^*Significant at the 0.05 level.

^‡Prevalence of herbal medicine users in each group in the parentheses.