Table 1.
Demographic, clinical characteristics and neuropsychological data.
| Items | T2DM patients (n = 18) | Healthy controls (n = 18) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 42.89 ± 7.01 | 40.33 ± 4.14 | 0.194 |
| Gender (female: male) | 9:9 | 9:9 | 1.000 |
| Education (years) | 11.56 ± 2.41 | 11.94 ± 2.12 | 0.611 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.78 ± 1.98 | 24.67 ± 2.02 | 0.106 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 119.39 ± 9.27 | 120.44 ± 11.27 | 0.761 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 81.33 ± 8.575 | 78.33 ± 7.79 | 0.28 |
| Fasting glucose (mmol/L) | 13.30 ± 3.56 | 4.86 ± 0.39 | <0.001* |
| HbA1C (%) | 12.93 ± 1.64 | 4.56 ± 0.72 | <0.001* |
| Triglyceride (mmol/L) | 1.16 ± 0.46 | 0.91 ± 0.37 | 0.087 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.94 ± 0.72 | 4.50 ± 0.88 | 0.113 |
| MMSE | 27.67 ± 1.50 | 28.94 ± 1.11 | 0.006 * |
| MOCA | 24.56 ± 2.06 | 27.28 ± 1.70 | <0.001* |
| HAMD | 1.28 ± 0.75 | 0.83 ± 0.79 | 0.092 |
Data are mean ± standard deviation. *P < 0.05 was considered significant. Abbreviations: MMSE, Mini- Mental State Exam; MOCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; HAMD, Hamilton Depression Scale.