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. 2017 Mar 14;27(10):4019–4029. doi: 10.1007/s00330-017-4767-2

Table 2.

Demographics of participants and characteristics of risk-dominant nodules

Parameter Cancers* Benign nodules * Total* P value**
Number 65 675 740
Participants 64 549 613
Age in years 61 (52–75) 58 (50–71) 58 (50–75) 0.655
Sex
Male
Female
35 (55%)
29 (45%)
292 (53%)
257 (47%)
327 (53%)
286 (47%)
0.820
Family history of lung cancer 17 (27%) 90 (16%) 107 (17%) 0.043
Emphysema 47 (73%) 367 (67%) 414 (68%) 0.287
Nodule size in mm:
Dlongest-C
Median: 13.9
16.5 (3.3–124.8)
Median: 6.1
7.6 (1.6–104.4)
8.4 (1.6–124.8) <0.001
Nodule size in mm:
Dmean3D
Median: 10.2
12.5 (2.7–84.8)
Median: 4.9
5.8 (1.3–62.3)
6.4 (1.3–84.8) <0.001
Nodule size in mm:
DmeanAxial
Median: 12.1
13.8 (2.9–95.0)
Median: 5.4
6.4 (1.2–95.5)
7.1 (1.2–95.5) <0.001
Nodule type
Solid
Part-solid
Non-solid
43 (66%)
15 (23%)
7 (11%)
590 (87%)
19 (3%)
66 (10%)
633 (85%)
34 (5%)
73 (10%)
<0.001
Perifissural 0 (0%) 55 (8%) 55 (7%) 0.017
Calcified 0 (0%) 96 (14%) 96 (13%) 0.001
Nodule count 0.3 (0–4) 0.5 (0–5) 0.5 (0–5) 0.017
Nodule location
Upper lobe
38 (58%) 327 (48%) 365 (49%) 0.123
Spiculation 18 (28%) 10 (1%) 28 (4%) <0.001

* Percentages or ranges are in parentheses

** P-value for benign nodules versus cancers. A p-value < 0.05 indicates a significant difference. Family history of lung cancer pertained to parents or siblings. Presence of emphysema was dichotomous and not corresponding to the degree of emphysema. Nodule size was measured as the longest diameter. Nodule count pertained to the number of additional nodules in the scan. Spiculation was defined as reticular markings of tissue density with elements of circular symmetry centered around a nodule

D longest-C longest diameter on axial sections, derived from computerized semi-automated segmentations, D mean3D mean diameter based on volumetric information, derived from computerized semi-automated segmentations, D meanAxial mean of longest and perpendicular diameter on axial sections, derived from computerized semi-automated segmentations