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Proposed diagram for the mechanism of action of cyanidin. In pancreatic β-cells, cyanidin diffuses across the plasma membrane, leading to the activation of l-type VDCCs. Consequently, it promotes Ca2+ influx which stimulates insulin secretion. The increases in intracellular Ca2+ also up-regulate the expression of the GLUT2, Kir6.2 and Cav1.2 genes.
