Table 2.
Association of gender disadvantage and mental health variables with chronic fatigue in a community sample of women in Goa, India (n=2494 unless stated otherwise). Values are numbers (percentages) unless stated otherwise
| Factor | Total | Prevalence of chronic fatigue | Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI)* | Two tailed P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Verbal abuse by husband† | ||||
| No | 1491 (85.2) | 175 (11.7) | 1 | |
| Yes | 259 (14.8) | 56 (21.6) | 1.81 (1.3 to 2.6) | 0.001 |
| Physical abuse by husband† | ||||
| No | 1585 (90.6) | 199 (12.6) | 1 | |
| Yes | 165 (9.4) | 32 (19.4) | 1.42 (0.9 to 2.2) | 0.11 |
| Sexual abuse by husband† | ||||
| No | 1686 (96.3) | 207 (12.3) | 1 | |
| Yes | 64 (3.7) | 24 (37.5) | 3.76 (2.2 to 6.5) | <0.001 |
| Concerns about husband's extramarital affair† | ||||
| No | 1726 (98.6) | 223 (12.9) | 1 | |
| Yes | 24 (1.4) | 8 (33.3) | 2.71 (1.1 to 6.6) | 0.03 |
| Concerns about husband's habits† | ||||
| No | 1379 (78.8) | 159 (11.5) | 1 | |
| Yes | 371 (21.2) | 72 (19.4) | 1.57 (1.1 to 2.2) | 0.005 |
| Social integration: | ||||
| High | 785 (31.5) | 89 (11.3) | 1 | 0.85 |
| Medium | 819 (32.8) | 101 (12.3) | 1.06 (0.8 to 1.4) | |
| Low | 890 (35.7) | 111 (12.5) | 0.97 (0.7 to 1.3) | |
| Autonomy: | ||||
| High | 832 (33.4) | 84 (10.1) | 1 | 0.07 |
| Medium | 1062 (42.6) | 131 (12.3) | 1.27 (0.9 to 1.7) | |
| Low | 600 (24.1) | 86 (14.3) | 1.46 (1.0 to 2.0) | |
| Support from family: | ||||
| Minimal | 482 (19.3) | 78 (16.2) | 1 | 0.10 |
| Moderate | 706 (28.3) | 83 (11.8) | 0.78 (0.5 to 1.1) | |
| High | 1306 (52.4) | 140 (10.7) | 0.72 (0.5 to 1.0) | |
| Revised clinical interview schedule score: | ||||
| 0 | 1530 (61.3) | 23 (1.5) | 1 | <0.001 |
| 1-2 | 346 (13.9) | 74 (21.4) | 17.16 (10.5 to 27.9) | |
| 3-4 | 222 (8.9) | 49 (22.1) | 17.24 (10.2 to 29.1) | |
| 5-8 | 191 (7.7) | 54 (28.3) | 23.92 (14.2 to 40.4) | |
| >8 | 205 (8.2) | 101 (49.3) | 60.83 (36.8-100.6) | |
| Somatic symptom score: | ||||
| 0 | 580 (23.3) | 5 (0.9) | 1 | <0.001 |
| 1-2 | 825 (33.1) | 39 (4.7) | 5.57 (2.2 to 14.2) | |
| 3-4 | 551 (22.1) | 73 (13.2) | 16.52 (6.6 to 41.3) | |
| 5-19 | 538 (21.6) | 184 (34.2) | 53.96 (21.9 to 133.1) |
*
Adjusted for independent socioeconomic risk factors: age, debt, hunger, education.
†
Married women only (n=1750).