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Principles of transcription and translation regulation by OFF-riboswitches. (A) Metabolite binding to the aptamer domain results in the formation of the terminator hairpin exposing a stretch of Uracil nucleotides. The polymerase disengages from the gene, thus terminating transcription. (B) Binding of the metabolite encrypts the Ribosome Binding Site (RBS) preventing the ribosome to initiate translation. The figure adapted from Kim and Breaker (2008).
